Crime Fiction Essay - 1872 Words

While the genre of crime writing covers a wide diversity of texts, these texts all engage with investigating a crime and associated social and moral issues. Evaluate this statement. Although the crime-writing genre consists of a wide array of subgenres and hybrids, these texts all focus on a criminal investigation using this as a platform/vehicle to explore and comment on the values and the social context in which it was composed. In doing so, crime fiction texts do not just tell a crime story; they make insightful social comments to inform responders. This is evident in P.D. James’ â€Å"The Skull Beneath The Skin† (Skull) which not only follows an investigation but also comments on the justice and the emerging role of women in 1980’s†¦show more content†¦Claudia Valentine is a hardened private investigator who challenges the conventions of a stereotypical hard-boiled detective. The opening segment of the novel subverts the convention of the hard-boiled subgenre as most readers would assume the protagonist is a male: â€Å"I woke up feeling like death. The blonde slept on. Thank god the black suit was hanging in the wardrobe.† Also, Claudia relies on her quick repartee and intelligence rather than her looks and does not expect any concessions due to her gender: â€Å"The crims don’t discriminate; they’ll blow away a woman on their trail just as readily as a man.† Valentine does not carry a gun, a traditionally male object which can also be interpreted as a phallic symbol, but instead relies on her karate skills. Furthermore, Steve Angell, her romantic interest, plays the traditional female part of nurturing and being supportive, another socially challenging inversion. He does not interfere with her job; offers help when needed, and even cooks – showing that gender roles are now more equalized than they were in the past. Furthermore, Day comments on justice and the corruption in society as a result of the constantly increasing number of crimes. The setting creates a dark atmosphere of the seedy underbelly of the city, as Sydney is depicted as full of corruption and violence: â€Å"There is more hidden from view, the labyrinth underbelly, the city of the night.† The setting further reflects the issue of appearanceShow MoreRelatedEssay on Alfred Hitchcocks Works of Crime Fiction717 Words   |  3 Pagescomposers are able to present their audiences with new themes and values relative to their social contexts. Crime fiction has often adapted these processes and has become a genre of its own with intriguing plots fuelling the audience’s inquisitive nature. English director, Alfred Hitchcock (also known as ‘The Master of Suspense’) was an expert in creating the desired amount of suspense within a crime film. He was able to transfer the values of his context on to the silver scre en and subvert traditionalRead MoreEssay about Alfred Hitchcocks Rear Window and the Crime Fiction Genre2515 Words   |  11 PagesAlfred Hitchcocks Rear Window continues and expands on traditional themes of the Detective Fiction Genre. In 1841, Murder in the Rue Morgue by Edgar Allan Poe broke the traditional character constraints of the Crime Fiction Genre, by introducing a new type of lead detective figure. The ideal detective figure encompassed traits of superiority, intelligence, wit and a keen sense for observation. The lead detective figure is a sophisticated character that is not bound to the constrictions and limitationsRead MoreEssay on Gender in The Crime Drama Fiction Genre1765 Words   |  8 PagesHowever audiences are aware of the codes and conventions that distinguish one genre product from the next. Genre has to be what we as a culture believe it to be. Failure to adapt and change this will result in the programme becoming stale. In this essay I am going to analyse the action genre through a close analysis of the generic characteristics, the genreÊ ¼s place in the television schedules, the needs and expectations of the audience and finally the future of the action genre on television. TheRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Skull Beneath the Skin Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagestypical of the crime genre, however P.D. James has somewhat subverted the genre. The novel incorporates a combination of Intuitionist, Realist and Hard Boiled styles of crime fiction. Usually crime novels fall into one of the three afore mentioned styles. Although obviously an Intuitionist or classically styled crime novel, Skull beneath the Skins as I have previously stated incorporates all three creating a unique novel while still following the traditions and conventions of the crime genre. This canRead MoreThe Golden Age1566 Words   |  6 Pagesof detective fiction refers to both specific sub-genre and (the cozy) and the historical period (the interwar years)  (James, 2009). It is loosely defined as a soft-boiled detective fiction released between the two wars (World War 1 and World War 2). The Golden age of detective fiction was arguably caused by the interwar period  (James, 2009). This paper seeks to discuss, with references to the fictions of Agatha Christie and other canonical Golden Age texts, why the Detection fiction of the interwarRead MoreThe Mystery Of Mystery Stories1349 Words   |  6 PagesMystery as a literary genre finds its roots in the writings of the 19th century. During this century great writers of the literary fiction utilises their brilliance to lay the foundations of various aspects of the mystery writing. Many fictional characters who were born in the 19th century,are still the most famous personalities of today s fiction. It s interesting to note that US President Abraham Lincoln also wrote a mystery story in the 19th century, based on a real case once he defended(1)Read More Dorothy L. Sayers’ Gaudy Night Essay5682 Words   |  23 Pagesdefinition of a romance, but Gaudy Night indeed has very little to do with crime.   Sayers encrypted the real story within her detective novel.   This story behind the story narrates love and human relationships.   In fact, the crimes in Gaudy Night only supply a convenient way for Sayers to place Lord Peter and Harriet Vane on equal footing to bring closure to their relationship.   So the story does not focus on the solving of a crime, at least from Sayers’s point of view.   Lord Peter, however, sees it differentlyRead More`` Hard Boiled And `` Golden Age `` By Dashiell Hammett s The Maltese Falcon And The Gutting Of1575 Words   |  7 PagesWhile American and British authors developed the two distinct schools of detective fiction, known as â€Å"hard-boiled and â€Å"golden age,† simultaneously, the British works served to continue traditions established by earlier authors while American works formed their own distinct identity. Though a niche category, detective works reflect the morality and culture of the societies their authors lived in. Written in the time period after World War I, Dashiell Hammett’s The Maltese Falcon and  "The GuttingRead MoreAssessing the Significance of the Cityscape to the Narrative of Detection: The Sign of Four, and Farewell, My Lovely2477 Words   |  10 PagesSir Arthur Conan Doyle’s success at portraying his version of Victorian London as fact only indicates the popularity of the series with the general public. His Victorian London has become the quintessential London of that era. In Martin A. Kayman’s essay The Short Story from Poe to Chesterton, he notes that: Indeed, G.K. Chesterton claimed that â€Å"The first essential value of the detective story lies in this, that it is the earliest and only form of popular literature in which is expressed some senseRead MoreA Comparison of the Establishment of Genre and Narrative in Two Crime Films2370 Words   |  10 PagesA Comparison of the Establishment of Genre and Narrative in Two Crime Films In this essay I will compare how genre and narrative are established in 2 crime films. The main iconography of this genre is fairly easy to identify; props such as guns, latex gloves, sirens, rain are used frequently in Hollywood crime films such as Se7en (1995). The conventions of this genre are also fairly easy to recognise: detectives with long trench coats, the killer being the least likely

Jon Benet Ramsey Case Free Essays

Michael Pilkington 10/14/12 Ms. Chiolo Forensics JonBenet Ramsey Case Many people know about the JonBenet Ramsey case. This case had to do with when a young girl was killed and found in her own basement. We will write a custom essay sample on Jon Benet Ramsey Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the JonBenet case there were problems with the investigation, different theories about the murder, and the media had an influence in the case. One problem with the JonBenet Ramsey case was that some evidence wasn’t collected. For example there was a flashlight found that could have been the murder weapon that wasn’t collected as evidence. Another problem was that some of the detectives ego got in the way of solving the case. For example Boulder, Colorado police denied help from the FBI, even though they have had no experience with murder cases that have national attention. One major problem was that the procedure that the police used for the case was improper. The police didn’t separate the parents even when they were both suspects. The media and the â€Å"court of public opinion† played a big role in the case. One way was that the media instantly blamed the parents for murdering JonBenet. The media had a couple of theories of how JonBenet was killed. One way was that JonBenet wet her bed and the mom got very mad and killed her. Another theory was that JonBenet’s brother killed her because she got a lot of attention from being in beauty pageants for girls, and he wanted more attention. The media trashed the Ramsey’s reputation by making people think that they were guilty. Since the media labeled the Ramseys guilty, people were close-minded to other ideas of what else could of actually happened. There was one theory though that was the most likely of being true. This theory was called the intruder theory. There were a couple of ways this was the most likely way JonBenet died. One piece of evidence that supports the intruder theory is that there was a unlocked basement window that had been recently opened and closed, and that an intruder could have gotten entry to the house from. Another piece of evidence was that there was DNA on JonBenet’s body that was male, and didn’t match another family member. Also there was a similar attack months later that was similar to the JonBenet Ramsey murder. There was a man who broke into a house (that is close by to the Ramsey house) and sexually assaulted a 14 year old girl. Upon reviewing how the investigation was done from the start it is apparent that the media and the Boulder Colorado police department did not help in solving the case. It is unfortunate that Mrs. Ramsey passed away and that the rest of the family has been unable to see justice done. I do believe in some of the other theories and hope that with the help of time and persistence with the Police and the FBI they will eventually solve the case. How to cite Jon Benet Ramsey Case, Essay examples

Calvin Kelin Presentation Essay Sample free essay sample

1968– : The early yearsKlein founded Calvin Klein Limited. a coat store in the York Hotel in New York City. with $ 10. 000. The first Calvin Klein aggregation was a line of â€Å"youthful. unostentatious coats A ; dresses† featured at the New York City shop. Bonwit Teller. September 1969. Klein appeared on the screen of Vogue magazine. 1970s 1971 Klein added athletic wear. authoritative sport jackets A ; lingerie to his women’s aggregation. 1973 received his first Coty American Fashion Critics’ Award for his 74-piece womenswear aggregation – the youngest receiver at that clip. Klein won the award once more in 1974 A ; 1975. 1977. one-year grosss had increased to $ 30 million. A ; Klein had licences for scarves. places. belts. pelts. dark glassess. A ; sheets. Klein A ; Schwartz were doing $ 4 million each. After the company signed licences for cosmetics. denims. A ; menswear. Klein’s one-year retail volume was estimated at $ 100 million. 1978. Klein claimed gross revenues of 200. 000 braces of his celebrated denims the first hebdomad they were on the market. 1981. Fortune figured Klein’s one-year income at $ 8. 5 million a twelvemonth. 1970s. created a designer-jeans fad by seting his name on the back pocket. 1980s. as the designer-jeans craze reached its all-time high. Calvin Klein introduced a extremely successful line of pugilist trunkss for adult females A ; a men’s underwear aggregation which would subsequently gross $ 70 million in a individual twelvemonth. Calvin Klein’s underwear concern. promoted subsequently in the 1990s with elephantine hoardings demoing images of dad vocalist Mark â€Å"Marky Mark† Wahlberg. became so successful that his underpants became by and large known as â€Å"Calvins† . Not every Decsion has gone right because they tried to be in front of clip A ; believe beyond the thought of individual at that clip In the late seventiess. the company besides made efforts to put up its ain aroma A ; cosmetics lines. but shortly withdrew from the market with large fiscal losingss. 1980s–1985: UnderwearIn the early 1980s Klein changed the American market of men’s underwear—one where most men’s underclothes was white. purchased in battalions of three by a â€Å"wife. female parent or girlfriend when they needed to be† to one where â€Å"the American male to care about the trade name of something few of all time see† . The arresting growing continued through the early 1880ss. The licensing plan. which brought in $ 24. 000 when it was initiated in 1974. had royalty income of $ 7. 3 million ten old ages subsequently. That twelvemonth. worldwide retail gross revenues were estimated at more than $ 600 million. Klein’s apparels were sold through 12. 000 shops in the United States A ; were available in six other states. His one-year income passed $ 12 million. Fiscal jobs. increased force per unit area from all sides. dissensions with the licensee of the menswear line A ; its dissatisfactory gross revenues every bit good as an tremendous employee turnover both within Calvin Klein A ; its licencing spouses led to the first rumours that Calvin Klein Industries. as the company had been known by so. was up for sale. A ; so. in late 1987. it was said that the sale of the company to Triangle Industries. a container maker. had merely failed because of the crashing stock market. Although the company about faced bankruptcy in 1992. Calvin Klein managed to recover amp ; increase the profitableness of his imperium throughout the ulterior 90s. chiefly through the success of its extremely popular unde rclothes A ; aroma lines. every bit good as the ck sportswear line. Klein was named â€Å"America’s Best Designer† for his minimalist all-American designs in 1993. Other potencies like Tommy Hilfiger Corp. A ; Italy’s Holding di Partecipazioni proved to be similar letdowns because of CKI’s steep monetary value ticket of purportedly $ 1 billion. After seven months A ; no possible purchaser. Klein announced that his imperium was non on the market any more. The company would neer pull off to travel public. which had purportedly been Klein’s program one time. In June 2008. Calvin Klein started to patronize America’s Next Top Male Model. leting the victor to ship on a 100. 000 dollar contract every bit good as a track show. as a fillip. to establish their calling. 2002–2003: Acquisition by Phillips new wave HeusenIn mid-December 2002. Calvin Klein Inc. ( CKI ) was eventually sold to shirt shaper Phillips Van Heusen Corp ( PVH ) whose so CEO Bruce Klatsky was the drive force behind the trade. for about $ 400 million in hard currency.$ 30 million in stocklicencing rights A ; royalties linked to grosss over the undermentioned 15 old ages that were estimated at $ 200 to $ 300 million. The sale besides included an on-going personal fiscal inducement for Klein based on future gross revenues of the Calvin Klein trade name. PVH outbid VF Corp. . the shaper of Lee A ; Wrangler denims. The dealing between Calvin Klein A ; PVH was financially supported by Apax Partners Inc. . a New York private equity house. which is said to hold made a $ 250 million equity investing in PVH exchangeable preferable stock. every bit good as a $ 125 million. biennial secured note. all in exchange for seats on the board of PVH. CKI therefore became a entirely owned subordinate of PVH. In the beginning.Klein himself. who was included as a individual in the 15-year contract he had signed with PVH. remained originative caput of the aggregations but so continued as an adviser ( confer withing originative manager ) to the new company from 2003. 2004–presentWith the autumn 2006 Collection track presentations in New York City. CKI inaugurated an 8. 600 sq foot ( 800 M2 ) show room infinite that can sit up to 600 people on the land floor of 205 West 39th Street. in Times Square South where Calvin Klein has been headquartered since 1978. Product A ; trade name historyThe most seeable trade name names in the Calvin Klein portfolio include: Current merchandises of cK Calvin Klein Collection ( black label. top-end interior decorator line ) means they are made clients holding a gustatory sensation of there ain 1990s the company opened elegant Calvin Klein Collection shops in Paris. Seoul. A ; Taipei A ; extremist high-end cK Calvin Klein shops in Hong Kong. Milan A ; Kuwait City. As of today. there is merely one Calvin Klein Collection store operated by CKI. It is located in New York City. Out of the two Calvin Klein Collection shops that existed in the US. the Dallas location in Highland Park Village which had been unfastened for 20 old ages was closed in mid-2005. The lone international location. in Paris. was closed by PVH in March 2006. The New York shop. which serves as the company’s flagship shop at 654 Madison Ave. . remains unfastened still today. Partners maintain Calvin Klein Collection shops in Shanghai. Beijing. Seoul. Dubai A ; Qatar. ck Calvin Klein ( gray label. late repositioned as span aggregation line ; licensed to Warnaco Group. Inc. through at least 2044 ) Calvin Klein( white label. better sportswear line )Specialty retail Calvin Klein shops. designed by New York architecture house Lynch/Eisinger Beverly Center in Los Angeles ; now closed down. Cherry Creek Mall in Denver ; now closed down. The Promenade at Partridge Creek in Michigan ; now closed down. An extra eight shops besides designed by Lynch/Eisinger/Design opened in 2008. There are besides several Calvin Klein Outlet shops. largely located within mill mercantile establishment promenades in the US. that sell the white label athletic wear A ; sometimes the Calvin Klein white label at decreased monetary values but do non transport the Collection lines. It has been reported that Calvin Klein will shut all White Label locations within the following twelvemonth. Calvin Klein Sport ( athleticss version of the white label line for Macy’s ) Calvin Klein Jeans ( denimwear line ; licensed to Warnaco Group through at least 2044 ) The Warnaco Group maintains Calvin Klein Jeans A ; matching mercantile establishment shops in the US A ; elsewhere. transporting the jean A ; insouciant aggregations. International Calvin Klein Jeans shops exist around the Earth. Among many other states in the UK. Germany. Greece. Russia. Brazil. Mexico. Croatia. Egypt. Chile. Argentina. India. the Philippines. Australia A ; New Zealand. They besides offer franchisee A ; opened in Cali last twelvemonth Calvin Klein Home( high terminal bedclothes. towel. bath carpet A ; accessary aggregations ) The Khaki Collection( vernal medium to high terminal bedclothes. towel. bath carpet A ; accoutrements ) discontinued in 2008 Calvin Klein Golf( launched in late 2007 ) Calvin Klein Underwear( underwear aggregations ; licensed to Warnaco Group through at least 2044 ) Signature Calvin Klein Underwear dress shops can be found in Buenos Aires. Cardiff ( as of April 2011 ) . Mexico City. Edinburgh. Glasgow. Melbourne. Hong Kong. London. Manchester. Manila. New York City. Shanghai. Singapore. Frankfurt. Toronto A ; Hatfield. ( Metro Vancouver ) . CK one Lifestyle trade name( aroma. underwear. denims -launched 2011 ) Calvin Klein Watches + Jewelry( tickers launched in 1997. jewellery in 2004 ) Retail scheme of cK Business Overview Calvin Klein concern chiefly consists( I ) Calvin Klein Licensing – a licensing organisation pull offing agreements with over 40 3rd parties A ; our ain Calvin Klein Collection men’s A ; women’s sweeping high-end dress A ; New York City flagship concerns ( two ) Calvin Klein Apparel – including Calvin Klein frock trappingss. men’s better athletic wear concerns A ; Calvin Klein retail shops. These are the licensing policy they have adopted in their concern Calvin Klein Licensing licensing A ; similar agreements worldwide for usage of the Calvin Klein brands for ( I ) a wide array of merchandises including women’s athletic wear. jeanswear. underwear. aromas. eyewear. men’s tailored vesture. women’s suits A ; frocks. women’s public presentation. men’s A ; women’s golf dress. hose. socks. footwear. swimsuit. jewellery. tickers. overclothes. pocketbooks. leather goods. place trappingss ( including furniture ) A ; accoutrements ( two ) to run retail shops outside of North America Calvin Klein’s largest licencing spouses in footings gross earned by cK in 2010 were: ( I ) The Warnaco Group. Inc. . which accounted for about 42 % of such gross. ( two ) G-III Apparel Group. Ltd. . which accounted for about 14 % . ( three ) Coty. Inc. . which accounted for about 12 % besides market the high terminal Calvin Klein Collection trade name of men’s A ; women’s dress amp ; accoutrements offerings through our Calvin Klein Collection planetary flagship shop on New York City’s Madison Avenue every bit good as through our Calvin Klein Collection sweeping concern. Calvin Klein Apparel We operate our Calvin Klein frock trappingss A ; men’s better athletic wear concerns in North America ; A ; We operate Calvin Klein retail shops located chiefly in premium mercantile establishment promenades in the United States A ; Canada. Licensing A ; Production Before PVH decided in 2003 to licence the Collection concern. the design of Calvin Klein Collection had been managed out of the label’s West 39th Street central offices in New York City by Mr. Klein A ; his design staff. even though the pieces were European-produced. The worldwide licence for the Collection was so held from 2003 by Vestimenta SpA. an Italian high-fashion maker. whose bankruptcy led Fingen SpA of Italy ( the parent of the licensees for Calvin Klein Jeanswear in Europe A ; Asia A ; ck Calvin Klein span dress in Europe ) to take over the licence get downing with the Spring 2006 line in the signifier of a subordinate named CMI ( Confezioni Moda Italia ) . In late 2005. the New York-based Warnaco Group. an dress maker that already cooperates with Calvin Klein in their athletic wear A ; Jeans concern on the US market. arranged to get theworld-wide licence from â€Å"Florence-based Fingen SpA for $ 286 million† for the 2008 to 2013 period. However. in Dece mber 2007 it was announced that PVH will take design A ; production responsibilities for the aggregation back in-house to recover full control of the label A ; Warnaco will alternatively have the rights to run Calvin Klein Jeans retail shops in Europe. Asia A ; Latin America A ; ck Calvin Klein accessories shops in Europe A ; Latin America. Calvin Klein Financial Summary for twelvemonth 2011 2011 SUMMARY FINANCIALS | |Gross: | $ 1. 1 BN | |OPERATING Net income: | $ 278 MM | |OPERATING Margin: | 26. 1 % | |IN News8. 15. 12 Calvin Klein Underwear Announces Fall 2012 Global Advertising Campaign 7. 9. 12 Calvin Klein. Inc. Announces Fall 2012 Global Advertising Campaigns 6. 26. 12Calvin Klein Collection to be Honored at the 2012 Accessories Council Excellence ( ACE ) Awards Gala Calvin Klein is one of the best known interior decorator names in the universe. offering a modern design aesthetic. The Calvin Klein brands — Calvin Klein Collection. ck Calvin Klein A ; Calvin Klein — provide us with the chance to market merchandises both domestically A ; internationally at higher monetary value points. in higher-end distribution channels A ; to different consumer groups than most of our Heritage Brands concern merchandise offerings. Each of the Calvin Klein brands occupies a distinguishable selling individuality A ; place that preserves the brand’s prestigiousness A ; image. Calvin Klein designs all merchandises A ; /or controls all design operations A ; merchandise development A ; oversees a world-wide selling. advertisement A ; publicities plan for the Calvin Klein trade names. In 2010. over $ 300 million was spent globally in connexion with the advertizement. selling A ; publicity of the Calvin Klein brands A ; merchandises sold. A ; these disbursals are chiefly funded by Calvin Klein’s licensees A ; other authorized users of the Calvin Klein brands. Worldwide retail gross revenues of merchandises sold under the Calvin Klein trade names were about $ 6. 7 billion in 2010. Products A ; selling Merely Listed in few company holding two word Website WWW. Ck. com fragrancesCalvin Klein is celebrated for the label’s assorted lines of aromas A ; Colognes. Their perfumes A ; the corresponding aroma lines used to be maintained by Calvin Klein Cosmetics Company ( CKCC ) . a Unilever company. until late when in May 2005 cosmetics elephantine Coty. Inc. of New York bought up the aroma licencing understandings from Unilever. Selling Ad Calvin Klein theoretical accountsThe early ads were shot by Bruce Weber A ; Richard Avedon photographed A ; directed the Calvin Klein Jeans run that featured a fifteen-year-old Brooke Shields. Calvin Klein’s advertisement runs are often controversial. In the early 1990s. Calvin Klein was besides responsible for establishing the international calling of supermodel Kate Moss A ; offering her chance to resuscitate her calling in 2002 Current spokesmodels of the trade name are Tyson Ballou A ; Lara Stone. Actors such as Eva Mendes. Mehcad Brooks.Scarlett Johansson.Kellan Lutz.Diane Kruger have besides been chosen to pattern for the trade name.Swedish football player Freddie Ljungberg starred in a series of enormously successful underwear adverts for the trade name. One of the Most advertisement techniques they used in the field is They besides play with emerging engineerings. When publicizing cK one aroma in 1999. they employed a really unusual A ; groundbreaking run that displayed e-mail references in print advertizements. targeted at adolescents. When these teens mailed these references. they would be placed on a mailing list that sent them mails with vague inside informations about the models’ lives. with sham inside informations meant to do them more relatable. These mails came at unpredictable intervals. A ; were supposed to give readers the feeling that they had some connexion with these characters. Though the mailing lists were discontinued in 2002. the run has inspired similar selling tactics f or films A ; other retail merchandises. BrandingLike other manner trade names. Calvin Klein established a monogram: the â€Å"cK† emblem InternetIn 2004 the company bought the sphere name CK. com. Calvin Klein is one of the few corporations worldwide to have a two missive sphere name. Calvin Klein Underwear besides owns Bras. com A ; Underwear. com. Both of the sphere names are used to re-direct hits to CKU. com DesignersThe current originative manager for Calvin Klein Collection for adult females is Brazilian-born Francisco Costa who had already worked with Klein straight before the founder’s going from the company. Costa had taken over the occupation in 2003. Italo Zucchelli. a former Jil Sander A ; Romeo Gigli interior decorator. had collaborated with Calvin Klein for six seasons before he became head interior decorator of the Calvin Klein Collection menswear line in spring 2004. Kevin Carrigan. an Englishman. is the originative manager of the ck Calvin Klein A ; Calvin Klein ( white label ) brands A ; their related licensed merchandises. Carrigan has been with Calvin Klein since 1998. CorporateStores Department Stores The major section shops in the US. including Macy’s. Lord A ; Taylor A ; Nordstrom. every bit good as many little independent shops carry the ck. white label A ; /or Jeans aggregations. Some high-end section shops. such as Bergdorf Goodman. Saks Fifth Avenue A ; Neiman Marcus besides carry Calvin Klein Collection. Noteworthy retail merchants in the UK offering Calvin Klein include shops such as John Lewis. Debenhams A ; KJ Beckett. In Australia the dominant retail merchant is Myer. Calvin Klein merchandises are besides found online with peculiar cyberspace focal point on selling Calvin Klein underwear A ; aroma. Europe A ; Asia In Europe. Calvin Klein is preponderantly known for its underwear. accoutrements A ; possibly the Collection concern. instead than for the medium-priced athletic wear lines which are available at choice high-end retail shops. In Asia. there are besides signature ck Calvin Klein shops that carry diffusion line. aka gray label including womenswear. menswear. accoutrements. ControversiesThe 1995 adverts advancing Calvin Klein jeans received critisicm for being â€Å"kiddie porn† . Pricing A ; LuxuryCalvin Klein Collection is one of several Calvin Klein trade names owned by Calvin Klein Inc. . a entirely owned subordinate of Phillips Van Heusen ( PVH ) . PVH describes the Collection as â€Å"the most esteemed A ; epicurean trade name. puting the tone of elegance A ; modern edification for all of the other Calvin Klein brands. Collection women’s dresses retail at about US $ 700–1. 400. cost up to $ 3. 000 or more.A men’s suit enters at around US $ 1. 300. These monetary values are significantly higher than those for comparable. mass-produced points in the company’s sportswear lines. Calvin Klein Collection vesture is presented bi-annually during the New York Fashion Week ( womenswear ) A ; Milan Fashion Week ( menswear ) . For the fall/winter 2009-10 shows at New York Fashion Week in February 2009. â€Å"as a one-off event† A ; at the juncture of the brand’s fortieth day of remembrance. Calvin Klein Collection menswear returned to New York City â€Å"after old ages of demoing in Milan† . The label sewn into the apparels used to be whitish with black characters until autumn 2004. Soon. it is black with a tonic logotype as shown above. The signature fount has non changed. Interior designers at Calvin Klein CollectionBefore the house of Calvin Klein was sold to PVH in late 2002. Mr. Klein himself oversaw the design of the womenâ₠¬â„¢s A ; men’s aggregation. After the sale he functioned as a originative adviser for a short clip A ; was subsequently released from all responsibilities within the company. The current originative manager for Calvin Klein Collection for adult females is Brazilian-born Francisco Costa. a former Gucci interior decorator. who had already worked with Mr. Klein straight before the founder’s going from the company. Italo Zucchelli. a former Jil Sander A ; Romeo Gigli interior decorator. had worked as a senior menswear interior decorator at Calvin Klein for six seasons before he became head interior decorator of the Calvin Klein Collection menswear line in spring 2004. Ulrich Grimm is the manager of men’s A ; women’s Collection places A ; accoutrements. Calvin Klein Collection AdvertisingThe Calvin Klein Collection advertizements use two â€Å"house/signature† theoretical accounts every season ( one male. one female ) to publicize the trade name. in add-on to patterning on the track. The theoretical accounts for the 2009/2010 season are Anna Selezneva A ; AJ Abualrub. Models for past seasons include Kate Moss. Christy Turlington . Toni Garrn. Suvi Koponen. A ; Andrew Stetson. For Fall 2010. Lara Stone has been entirely signed for the women’s dress advertisement runs for Calvin Klein Collection. every bit good as ck Calvin Klein A ; Calvin Klein Jeans. The men’s Collection run features David Agbodji. Calvin Klein Collection storesCurrently PVH operates merely one shop under the Calvin Klein Collection trade name: 654 Madison Ave. . New York ( flagship shop ) CALVIN KLEIN will bask something of a homecoming for autumn/winter 2009-10. when it shows its menswear aggregation on US dirt for the first clip since its catwalk history began. Since its origin in 1998 the menswear aggregation has traditionally been portion of the Milan Fashion Week agenda. but to cement its topographic point in the US market in its 40th anniversary twelvemonth. the label has confirmed that it will demo at New York Fashion Week in February as a one-off event.

Torture, Should It Be Allowed or Not free essay sample

According to Human Rights Watch in the following countries: China, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Malaysia, Morocco, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Syria, Turkey, Uganda, and Uzbekistan have documented the use of torture in two thousand and four and two thousand and five. In a recent poll Fifty Three percent of Americans believe that all torture should be abolished, with thirty one percent of those polled believing it should be allowed but with limits, and seven percent of those polled believing it should be allowed without limits. In a world full of lies and vulgarity, where people are capable of things so inhuman, torturing should not be allowed. Torture is often used to punish, to obtain information or a confession, to take revenge on a person or persons or create terror and fear within a population. Some of the most common methods of physical torture include beating, electric shocks, stretching, submersion, suffocation, burns, rape and sexual assault. We will write a custom essay sample on Torture, Should It Be Allowed or Not or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Psychological forms of torture and ill-treatment, which very often have the most long-lasting consequences for victims, commonly include: isolation, threats, humiliation, mock executions, mock amputations, and witnessing the torture of others. The use Lopez 2 of torture is dishonorable. It corrupts and degrades the state which uses it and the legal system which accepts it (Hoffman). Some societies have used torture to suppress independent thought and convert people to right-thinking. The individual is tortured until they abandon their own views and beliefs and adopt those of the torturers. The victim ceases to be an end in themselves but becomes just another means to support the regime of the torturer. Many people believe that it should not be legal for regular purposes, such as investigating domestic crimes, but for international security and our protection from extremists, they also believe that there are times when it will be necessary to act in otherwise distasteful ways. Many think it could be the only way we have to obtain information, because we all â€Å"know† that if we were in some other country, they would do it to us also. They believe that there are some cases between life and death, and continuing or ending a war, that choosing torture or no torture would dictate. However, this argument is invalid because anyone being tortured can lie about what they are stating in order to stop the torture from continuing. Torture is an ineffective interrogation tool because it may produce false information since under torture a prisoner will eventually say anything to stop the pain regardless of whether it is true. In which case, because of this the interrogator can never be sure that they are getting the truth and will never know when to stop. Any form of torture or cruel and unusual punishment should never be legal, in any situation. It is no one’s given right to purposely neither physically nor emotionally hurt another being. For one, a suspect is just that: a suspect. A suspect is a person thought to be guilty of a crime or offense, but without certain exact proof. For all the authorities know, the person being subjected to torture and abuse could very well be innocent. Humans are not infallible and Lopez 3 somewhere down the line, innocent people will be physically and mentally abused, and possibly permanently injured or killed (Thomas). Even people who have been proved to be guilty of a crime should not be tortured, as it goes against all morals and human rights. When an abuser tortures someone, the abuser becomes a criminal themselves. Even when people call it enhanced interrogation, this is just the politically correct term for torture (Kirk). Even if torture was legal, it has been proven that torture is very ineffective in producing information, and often results in suspects making false statements in order to stop their torture. It is easy to say that torture should be allowed when people remain ignorant and unexposed to the subject and how it works. Torture is no joke and is extremely brutal, for many people it remains adhered in their minds forever. For example, in the case of Abu Omar, he was, as he describes, spreading his arms in a crucifixion position, he was tied to a metal door as shocks were administered to his nipples and genitals. His legs still tremble as he describes how he was twice raped. He mentions, almost casually, the hearing loss in his left ear from the beatings, and how he still wakes up at night screaming, takes tranquilizers, finds it hard to concentrate, and has unspecified problems with his wife at home. He is, in short, a broken man (Bergen). Omar was an innocent man, though to be involved in terrorism, sent from the United States of America into Egypt to get tortured, since it would be â€Å"illegal† to do it in the US. In the fall of 2003, Abu Omar was taken to another prison; it was here that he was crucified and raped by the guards. After seven more months of torture, a Cairo court found there was no evidence that Abu Omar was involved in terrorism and ordered him freed. He was told not to contact anyone in Italy—including his wife—and not to speak to the press or human rights groups. Lopez 4 Above all, he was not to tell anyone what had happened. Like Omar, there are many more out there living with this penalty that they don’t deserve. â€Å"I believe strongly that torture is not moral, legal or effective. † Guantanamo is â€Å"a damaging symbol to the world†¦ a rallying cry for terrorist recruitment and harmful to our national security, so closing it is important for our national security. † Admiral Dennis Blair, from the Witness against torture committee stated when asked about the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, a detainment and interrogation facility of the United States military located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba. These committees exist in order to protect the rights of all of the innocent people like Abu Omar and exist within the United States with plenty of supporters all around. Ultimately, I believe torture should not be legal. Torture is a notoriously ineffective method of eliciting valid information, and the use of torture demeans the torturer even more than it punishes the victim of that abuse. Endorsing the use of torture by the State only gives it the stamp of validity and makes it more likely that innocents will suffer the infliction of torture including those we seek to protect through its implementation (Berkowitz). It dehumanizes people by treating them as pawns to be manipulated through their pain, it treats the victim as a thing, not as a person with all the value that we associate with persons, and it violates the rights and human dignity of the victim, including the legal right to remain silent when questioned. Torture is an inhuman and ineffective means of gaining information. Lopez 5 Works cited Berkowitz, Roger. Why We Must Judge. Democracy. Fall 2010: 56. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Bergen, Peter. The Body Snatchers. Mother Jones Vol. 33, No. 2. Mar/Apr 2008: 58-61. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 23 May 2013. Kirk, Robin. The Body in Pain. Sojourners. Jul 2011: 22. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013 McCarthy, Andrew C. Torture: Thinking About the Unthinkable. Commentary. July/Aug. 2004: 17. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Sands, Philippe. The Green Light. Vanity Fair No. 573. May 2008: 218+. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Thomas, Dorothy Q. , and others. Bringing Human Rights Home: Into the Bright Sunshine. American Prospect Vol. 15, No. 10. Oct. 2004: A1+. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013.