Crime Fiction Essay - 1872 Words

While the genre of crime writing covers a wide diversity of texts, these texts all engage with investigating a crime and associated social and moral issues. Evaluate this statement. Although the crime-writing genre consists of a wide array of subgenres and hybrids, these texts all focus on a criminal investigation using this as a platform/vehicle to explore and comment on the values and the social context in which it was composed. In doing so, crime fiction texts do not just tell a crime story; they make insightful social comments to inform responders. This is evident in P.D. James’ â€Å"The Skull Beneath The Skin† (Skull) which not only follows an investigation but also comments on the justice and the emerging role of women in 1980’s†¦show more content†¦Claudia Valentine is a hardened private investigator who challenges the conventions of a stereotypical hard-boiled detective. The opening segment of the novel subverts the convention of the hard-boiled subgenre as most readers would assume the protagonist is a male: â€Å"I woke up feeling like death. The blonde slept on. Thank god the black suit was hanging in the wardrobe.† Also, Claudia relies on her quick repartee and intelligence rather than her looks and does not expect any concessions due to her gender: â€Å"The crims don’t discriminate; they’ll blow away a woman on their trail just as readily as a man.† Valentine does not carry a gun, a traditionally male object which can also be interpreted as a phallic symbol, but instead relies on her karate skills. Furthermore, Steve Angell, her romantic interest, plays the traditional female part of nurturing and being supportive, another socially challenging inversion. He does not interfere with her job; offers help when needed, and even cooks – showing that gender roles are now more equalized than they were in the past. Furthermore, Day comments on justice and the corruption in society as a result of the constantly increasing number of crimes. The setting creates a dark atmosphere of the seedy underbelly of the city, as Sydney is depicted as full of corruption and violence: â€Å"There is more hidden from view, the labyrinth underbelly, the city of the night.† The setting further reflects the issue of appearanceShow MoreRelatedEssay on Alfred Hitchcocks Works of Crime Fiction717 Words   |  3 Pagescomposers are able to present their audiences with new themes and values relative to their social contexts. Crime fiction has often adapted these processes and has become a genre of its own with intriguing plots fuelling the audience’s inquisitive nature. English director, Alfred Hitchcock (also known as ‘The Master of Suspense’) was an expert in creating the desired amount of suspense within a crime film. He was able to transfer the values of his context on to the silver scre en and subvert traditionalRead MoreEssay about Alfred Hitchcocks Rear Window and the Crime Fiction Genre2515 Words   |  11 PagesAlfred Hitchcocks Rear Window continues and expands on traditional themes of the Detective Fiction Genre. In 1841, Murder in the Rue Morgue by Edgar Allan Poe broke the traditional character constraints of the Crime Fiction Genre, by introducing a new type of lead detective figure. The ideal detective figure encompassed traits of superiority, intelligence, wit and a keen sense for observation. The lead detective figure is a sophisticated character that is not bound to the constrictions and limitationsRead MoreEssay on Gender in The Crime Drama Fiction Genre1765 Words   |  8 PagesHowever audiences are aware of the codes and conventions that distinguish one genre product from the next. Genre has to be what we as a culture believe it to be. Failure to adapt and change this will result in the programme becoming stale. In this essay I am going to analyse the action genre through a close analysis of the generic characteristics, the genreÊ ¼s place in the television schedules, the needs and expectations of the audience and finally the future of the action genre on television. TheRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Skull Beneath the Skin Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagestypical of the crime genre, however P.D. James has somewhat subverted the genre. The novel incorporates a combination of Intuitionist, Realist and Hard Boiled styles of crime fiction. Usually crime novels fall into one of the three afore mentioned styles. Although obviously an Intuitionist or classically styled crime novel, Skull beneath the Skins as I have previously stated incorporates all three creating a unique novel while still following the traditions and conventions of the crime genre. This canRead MoreThe Golden Age1566 Words   |  6 Pagesof detective fiction refers to both specific sub-genre and (the cozy) and the historical period (the interwar years)  (James, 2009). It is loosely defined as a soft-boiled detective fiction released between the two wars (World War 1 and World War 2). The Golden age of detective fiction was arguably caused by the interwar period  (James, 2009). This paper seeks to discuss, with references to the fictions of Agatha Christie and other canonical Golden Age texts, why the Detection fiction of the interwarRead MoreThe Mystery Of Mystery Stories1349 Words   |  6 PagesMystery as a literary genre finds its roots in the writings of the 19th century. During this century great writers of the literary fiction utilises their brilliance to lay the foundations of various aspects of the mystery writing. Many fictional characters who were born in the 19th century,are still the most famous personalities of today s fiction. It s interesting to note that US President Abraham Lincoln also wrote a mystery story in the 19th century, based on a real case once he defended(1)Read More Dorothy L. Sayers’ Gaudy Night Essay5682 Words   |  23 Pagesdefinition of a romance, but Gaudy Night indeed has very little to do with crime.   Sayers encrypted the real story within her detective novel.   This story behind the story narrates love and human relationships.   In fact, the crimes in Gaudy Night only supply a convenient way for Sayers to place Lord Peter and Harriet Vane on equal footing to bring closure to their relationship.   So the story does not focus on the solving of a crime, at least from Sayers’s point of view.   Lord Peter, however, sees it differentlyRead More`` Hard Boiled And `` Golden Age `` By Dashiell Hammett s The Maltese Falcon And The Gutting Of1575 Words   |  7 PagesWhile American and British authors developed the two distinct schools of detective fiction, known as â€Å"hard-boiled and â€Å"golden age,† simultaneously, the British works served to continue traditions established by earlier authors while American works formed their own distinct identity. Though a niche category, detective works reflect the morality and culture of the societies their authors lived in. Written in the time period after World War I, Dashiell Hammett’s The Maltese Falcon and  "The GuttingRead MoreAssessing the Significance of the Cityscape to the Narrative of Detection: The Sign of Four, and Farewell, My Lovely2477 Words   |  10 PagesSir Arthur Conan Doyle’s success at portraying his version of Victorian London as fact only indicates the popularity of the series with the general public. His Victorian London has become the quintessential London of that era. In Martin A. Kayman’s essay The Short Story from Poe to Chesterton, he notes that: Indeed, G.K. Chesterton claimed that â€Å"The first essential value of the detective story lies in this, that it is the earliest and only form of popular literature in which is expressed some senseRead MoreA Comparison of the Establishment of Genre and Narrative in Two Crime Films2370 Words   |  10 PagesA Comparison of the Establishment of Genre and Narrative in Two Crime Films In this essay I will compare how genre and narrative are established in 2 crime films. The main iconography of this genre is fairly easy to identify; props such as guns, latex gloves, sirens, rain are used frequently in Hollywood crime films such as Se7en (1995). The conventions of this genre are also fairly easy to recognise: detectives with long trench coats, the killer being the least likely

Jon Benet Ramsey Case Free Essays

Michael Pilkington 10/14/12 Ms. Chiolo Forensics JonBenet Ramsey Case Many people know about the JonBenet Ramsey case. This case had to do with when a young girl was killed and found in her own basement. We will write a custom essay sample on Jon Benet Ramsey Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the JonBenet case there were problems with the investigation, different theories about the murder, and the media had an influence in the case. One problem with the JonBenet Ramsey case was that some evidence wasn’t collected. For example there was a flashlight found that could have been the murder weapon that wasn’t collected as evidence. Another problem was that some of the detectives ego got in the way of solving the case. For example Boulder, Colorado police denied help from the FBI, even though they have had no experience with murder cases that have national attention. One major problem was that the procedure that the police used for the case was improper. The police didn’t separate the parents even when they were both suspects. The media and the â€Å"court of public opinion† played a big role in the case. One way was that the media instantly blamed the parents for murdering JonBenet. The media had a couple of theories of how JonBenet was killed. One way was that JonBenet wet her bed and the mom got very mad and killed her. Another theory was that JonBenet’s brother killed her because she got a lot of attention from being in beauty pageants for girls, and he wanted more attention. The media trashed the Ramsey’s reputation by making people think that they were guilty. Since the media labeled the Ramseys guilty, people were close-minded to other ideas of what else could of actually happened. There was one theory though that was the most likely of being true. This theory was called the intruder theory. There were a couple of ways this was the most likely way JonBenet died. One piece of evidence that supports the intruder theory is that there was a unlocked basement window that had been recently opened and closed, and that an intruder could have gotten entry to the house from. Another piece of evidence was that there was DNA on JonBenet’s body that was male, and didn’t match another family member. Also there was a similar attack months later that was similar to the JonBenet Ramsey murder. There was a man who broke into a house (that is close by to the Ramsey house) and sexually assaulted a 14 year old girl. Upon reviewing how the investigation was done from the start it is apparent that the media and the Boulder Colorado police department did not help in solving the case. It is unfortunate that Mrs. Ramsey passed away and that the rest of the family has been unable to see justice done. I do believe in some of the other theories and hope that with the help of time and persistence with the Police and the FBI they will eventually solve the case. How to cite Jon Benet Ramsey Case, Essay examples

Calvin Kelin Presentation Essay Sample free essay sample

1968– : The early yearsKlein founded Calvin Klein Limited. a coat store in the York Hotel in New York City. with $ 10. 000. The first Calvin Klein aggregation was a line of â€Å"youthful. unostentatious coats A ; dresses† featured at the New York City shop. Bonwit Teller. September 1969. Klein appeared on the screen of Vogue magazine. 1970s 1971 Klein added athletic wear. authoritative sport jackets A ; lingerie to his women’s aggregation. 1973 received his first Coty American Fashion Critics’ Award for his 74-piece womenswear aggregation – the youngest receiver at that clip. Klein won the award once more in 1974 A ; 1975. 1977. one-year grosss had increased to $ 30 million. A ; Klein had licences for scarves. places. belts. pelts. dark glassess. A ; sheets. Klein A ; Schwartz were doing $ 4 million each. After the company signed licences for cosmetics. denims. A ; menswear. Klein’s one-year retail volume was estimated at $ 100 million. 1978. Klein claimed gross revenues of 200. 000 braces of his celebrated denims the first hebdomad they were on the market. 1981. Fortune figured Klein’s one-year income at $ 8. 5 million a twelvemonth. 1970s. created a designer-jeans fad by seting his name on the back pocket. 1980s. as the designer-jeans craze reached its all-time high. Calvin Klein introduced a extremely successful line of pugilist trunkss for adult females A ; a men’s underwear aggregation which would subsequently gross $ 70 million in a individual twelvemonth. Calvin Klein’s underwear concern. promoted subsequently in the 1990s with elephantine hoardings demoing images of dad vocalist Mark â€Å"Marky Mark† Wahlberg. became so successful that his underpants became by and large known as â€Å"Calvins† . Not every Decsion has gone right because they tried to be in front of clip A ; believe beyond the thought of individual at that clip In the late seventiess. the company besides made efforts to put up its ain aroma A ; cosmetics lines. but shortly withdrew from the market with large fiscal losingss. 1980s–1985: UnderwearIn the early 1980s Klein changed the American market of men’s underwear—one where most men’s underclothes was white. purchased in battalions of three by a â€Å"wife. female parent or girlfriend when they needed to be† to one where â€Å"the American male to care about the trade name of something few of all time see† . The arresting growing continued through the early 1880ss. The licensing plan. which brought in $ 24. 000 when it was initiated in 1974. had royalty income of $ 7. 3 million ten old ages subsequently. That twelvemonth. worldwide retail gross revenues were estimated at more than $ 600 million. Klein’s apparels were sold through 12. 000 shops in the United States A ; were available in six other states. His one-year income passed $ 12 million. Fiscal jobs. increased force per unit area from all sides. dissensions with the licensee of the menswear line A ; its dissatisfactory gross revenues every bit good as an tremendous employee turnover both within Calvin Klein A ; its licencing spouses led to the first rumours that Calvin Klein Industries. as the company had been known by so. was up for sale. A ; so. in late 1987. it was said that the sale of the company to Triangle Industries. a container maker. had merely failed because of the crashing stock market. Although the company about faced bankruptcy in 1992. Calvin Klein managed to recover amp ; increase the profitableness of his imperium throughout the ulterior 90s. chiefly through the success of its extremely popular unde rclothes A ; aroma lines. every bit good as the ck sportswear line. Klein was named â€Å"America’s Best Designer† for his minimalist all-American designs in 1993. Other potencies like Tommy Hilfiger Corp. A ; Italy’s Holding di Partecipazioni proved to be similar letdowns because of CKI’s steep monetary value ticket of purportedly $ 1 billion. After seven months A ; no possible purchaser. Klein announced that his imperium was non on the market any more. The company would neer pull off to travel public. which had purportedly been Klein’s program one time. In June 2008. Calvin Klein started to patronize America’s Next Top Male Model. leting the victor to ship on a 100. 000 dollar contract every bit good as a track show. as a fillip. to establish their calling. 2002–2003: Acquisition by Phillips new wave HeusenIn mid-December 2002. Calvin Klein Inc. ( CKI ) was eventually sold to shirt shaper Phillips Van Heusen Corp ( PVH ) whose so CEO Bruce Klatsky was the drive force behind the trade. for about $ 400 million in hard currency.$ 30 million in stocklicencing rights A ; royalties linked to grosss over the undermentioned 15 old ages that were estimated at $ 200 to $ 300 million. The sale besides included an on-going personal fiscal inducement for Klein based on future gross revenues of the Calvin Klein trade name. PVH outbid VF Corp. . the shaper of Lee A ; Wrangler denims. The dealing between Calvin Klein A ; PVH was financially supported by Apax Partners Inc. . a New York private equity house. which is said to hold made a $ 250 million equity investing in PVH exchangeable preferable stock. every bit good as a $ 125 million. biennial secured note. all in exchange for seats on the board of PVH. CKI therefore became a entirely owned subordinate of PVH. In the beginning.Klein himself. who was included as a individual in the 15-year contract he had signed with PVH. remained originative caput of the aggregations but so continued as an adviser ( confer withing originative manager ) to the new company from 2003. 2004–presentWith the autumn 2006 Collection track presentations in New York City. CKI inaugurated an 8. 600 sq foot ( 800 M2 ) show room infinite that can sit up to 600 people on the land floor of 205 West 39th Street. in Times Square South where Calvin Klein has been headquartered since 1978. Product A ; trade name historyThe most seeable trade name names in the Calvin Klein portfolio include: Current merchandises of cK Calvin Klein Collection ( black label. top-end interior decorator line ) means they are made clients holding a gustatory sensation of there ain 1990s the company opened elegant Calvin Klein Collection shops in Paris. Seoul. A ; Taipei A ; extremist high-end cK Calvin Klein shops in Hong Kong. Milan A ; Kuwait City. As of today. there is merely one Calvin Klein Collection store operated by CKI. It is located in New York City. Out of the two Calvin Klein Collection shops that existed in the US. the Dallas location in Highland Park Village which had been unfastened for 20 old ages was closed in mid-2005. The lone international location. in Paris. was closed by PVH in March 2006. The New York shop. which serves as the company’s flagship shop at 654 Madison Ave. . remains unfastened still today. Partners maintain Calvin Klein Collection shops in Shanghai. Beijing. Seoul. Dubai A ; Qatar. ck Calvin Klein ( gray label. late repositioned as span aggregation line ; licensed to Warnaco Group. Inc. through at least 2044 ) Calvin Klein( white label. better sportswear line )Specialty retail Calvin Klein shops. designed by New York architecture house Lynch/Eisinger Beverly Center in Los Angeles ; now closed down. Cherry Creek Mall in Denver ; now closed down. The Promenade at Partridge Creek in Michigan ; now closed down. An extra eight shops besides designed by Lynch/Eisinger/Design opened in 2008. There are besides several Calvin Klein Outlet shops. largely located within mill mercantile establishment promenades in the US. that sell the white label athletic wear A ; sometimes the Calvin Klein white label at decreased monetary values but do non transport the Collection lines. It has been reported that Calvin Klein will shut all White Label locations within the following twelvemonth. Calvin Klein Sport ( athleticss version of the white label line for Macy’s ) Calvin Klein Jeans ( denimwear line ; licensed to Warnaco Group through at least 2044 ) The Warnaco Group maintains Calvin Klein Jeans A ; matching mercantile establishment shops in the US A ; elsewhere. transporting the jean A ; insouciant aggregations. International Calvin Klein Jeans shops exist around the Earth. Among many other states in the UK. Germany. Greece. Russia. Brazil. Mexico. Croatia. Egypt. Chile. Argentina. India. the Philippines. Australia A ; New Zealand. They besides offer franchisee A ; opened in Cali last twelvemonth Calvin Klein Home( high terminal bedclothes. towel. bath carpet A ; accessary aggregations ) The Khaki Collection( vernal medium to high terminal bedclothes. towel. bath carpet A ; accoutrements ) discontinued in 2008 Calvin Klein Golf( launched in late 2007 ) Calvin Klein Underwear( underwear aggregations ; licensed to Warnaco Group through at least 2044 ) Signature Calvin Klein Underwear dress shops can be found in Buenos Aires. Cardiff ( as of April 2011 ) . Mexico City. Edinburgh. Glasgow. Melbourne. Hong Kong. London. Manchester. Manila. New York City. Shanghai. Singapore. Frankfurt. Toronto A ; Hatfield. ( Metro Vancouver ) . CK one Lifestyle trade name( aroma. underwear. denims -launched 2011 ) Calvin Klein Watches + Jewelry( tickers launched in 1997. jewellery in 2004 ) Retail scheme of cK Business Overview Calvin Klein concern chiefly consists( I ) Calvin Klein Licensing – a licensing organisation pull offing agreements with over 40 3rd parties A ; our ain Calvin Klein Collection men’s A ; women’s sweeping high-end dress A ; New York City flagship concerns ( two ) Calvin Klein Apparel – including Calvin Klein frock trappingss. men’s better athletic wear concerns A ; Calvin Klein retail shops. These are the licensing policy they have adopted in their concern Calvin Klein Licensing licensing A ; similar agreements worldwide for usage of the Calvin Klein brands for ( I ) a wide array of merchandises including women’s athletic wear. jeanswear. underwear. aromas. eyewear. men’s tailored vesture. women’s suits A ; frocks. women’s public presentation. men’s A ; women’s golf dress. hose. socks. footwear. swimsuit. jewellery. tickers. overclothes. pocketbooks. leather goods. place trappingss ( including furniture ) A ; accoutrements ( two ) to run retail shops outside of North America Calvin Klein’s largest licencing spouses in footings gross earned by cK in 2010 were: ( I ) The Warnaco Group. Inc. . which accounted for about 42 % of such gross. ( two ) G-III Apparel Group. Ltd. . which accounted for about 14 % . ( three ) Coty. Inc. . which accounted for about 12 % besides market the high terminal Calvin Klein Collection trade name of men’s A ; women’s dress amp ; accoutrements offerings through our Calvin Klein Collection planetary flagship shop on New York City’s Madison Avenue every bit good as through our Calvin Klein Collection sweeping concern. Calvin Klein Apparel We operate our Calvin Klein frock trappingss A ; men’s better athletic wear concerns in North America ; A ; We operate Calvin Klein retail shops located chiefly in premium mercantile establishment promenades in the United States A ; Canada. Licensing A ; Production Before PVH decided in 2003 to licence the Collection concern. the design of Calvin Klein Collection had been managed out of the label’s West 39th Street central offices in New York City by Mr. Klein A ; his design staff. even though the pieces were European-produced. The worldwide licence for the Collection was so held from 2003 by Vestimenta SpA. an Italian high-fashion maker. whose bankruptcy led Fingen SpA of Italy ( the parent of the licensees for Calvin Klein Jeanswear in Europe A ; Asia A ; ck Calvin Klein span dress in Europe ) to take over the licence get downing with the Spring 2006 line in the signifier of a subordinate named CMI ( Confezioni Moda Italia ) . In late 2005. the New York-based Warnaco Group. an dress maker that already cooperates with Calvin Klein in their athletic wear A ; Jeans concern on the US market. arranged to get theworld-wide licence from â€Å"Florence-based Fingen SpA for $ 286 million† for the 2008 to 2013 period. However. in Dece mber 2007 it was announced that PVH will take design A ; production responsibilities for the aggregation back in-house to recover full control of the label A ; Warnaco will alternatively have the rights to run Calvin Klein Jeans retail shops in Europe. Asia A ; Latin America A ; ck Calvin Klein accessories shops in Europe A ; Latin America. Calvin Klein Financial Summary for twelvemonth 2011 2011 SUMMARY FINANCIALS | |Gross: | $ 1. 1 BN | |OPERATING Net income: | $ 278 MM | |OPERATING Margin: | 26. 1 % | |IN News8. 15. 12 Calvin Klein Underwear Announces Fall 2012 Global Advertising Campaign 7. 9. 12 Calvin Klein. Inc. Announces Fall 2012 Global Advertising Campaigns 6. 26. 12Calvin Klein Collection to be Honored at the 2012 Accessories Council Excellence ( ACE ) Awards Gala Calvin Klein is one of the best known interior decorator names in the universe. offering a modern design aesthetic. The Calvin Klein brands — Calvin Klein Collection. ck Calvin Klein A ; Calvin Klein — provide us with the chance to market merchandises both domestically A ; internationally at higher monetary value points. in higher-end distribution channels A ; to different consumer groups than most of our Heritage Brands concern merchandise offerings. Each of the Calvin Klein brands occupies a distinguishable selling individuality A ; place that preserves the brand’s prestigiousness A ; image. Calvin Klein designs all merchandises A ; /or controls all design operations A ; merchandise development A ; oversees a world-wide selling. advertisement A ; publicities plan for the Calvin Klein trade names. In 2010. over $ 300 million was spent globally in connexion with the advertizement. selling A ; publicity of the Calvin Klein brands A ; merchandises sold. A ; these disbursals are chiefly funded by Calvin Klein’s licensees A ; other authorized users of the Calvin Klein brands. Worldwide retail gross revenues of merchandises sold under the Calvin Klein trade names were about $ 6. 7 billion in 2010. Products A ; selling Merely Listed in few company holding two word Website WWW. Ck. com fragrancesCalvin Klein is celebrated for the label’s assorted lines of aromas A ; Colognes. Their perfumes A ; the corresponding aroma lines used to be maintained by Calvin Klein Cosmetics Company ( CKCC ) . a Unilever company. until late when in May 2005 cosmetics elephantine Coty. Inc. of New York bought up the aroma licencing understandings from Unilever. Selling Ad Calvin Klein theoretical accountsThe early ads were shot by Bruce Weber A ; Richard Avedon photographed A ; directed the Calvin Klein Jeans run that featured a fifteen-year-old Brooke Shields. Calvin Klein’s advertisement runs are often controversial. In the early 1990s. Calvin Klein was besides responsible for establishing the international calling of supermodel Kate Moss A ; offering her chance to resuscitate her calling in 2002 Current spokesmodels of the trade name are Tyson Ballou A ; Lara Stone. Actors such as Eva Mendes. Mehcad Brooks.Scarlett Johansson.Kellan Lutz.Diane Kruger have besides been chosen to pattern for the trade name.Swedish football player Freddie Ljungberg starred in a series of enormously successful underwear adverts for the trade name. One of the Most advertisement techniques they used in the field is They besides play with emerging engineerings. When publicizing cK one aroma in 1999. they employed a really unusual A ; groundbreaking run that displayed e-mail references in print advertizements. targeted at adolescents. When these teens mailed these references. they would be placed on a mailing list that sent them mails with vague inside informations about the models’ lives. with sham inside informations meant to do them more relatable. These mails came at unpredictable intervals. A ; were supposed to give readers the feeling that they had some connexion with these characters. Though the mailing lists were discontinued in 2002. the run has inspired similar selling tactics f or films A ; other retail merchandises. BrandingLike other manner trade names. Calvin Klein established a monogram: the â€Å"cK† emblem InternetIn 2004 the company bought the sphere name CK. com. Calvin Klein is one of the few corporations worldwide to have a two missive sphere name. Calvin Klein Underwear besides owns Bras. com A ; Underwear. com. Both of the sphere names are used to re-direct hits to CKU. com DesignersThe current originative manager for Calvin Klein Collection for adult females is Brazilian-born Francisco Costa who had already worked with Klein straight before the founder’s going from the company. Costa had taken over the occupation in 2003. Italo Zucchelli. a former Jil Sander A ; Romeo Gigli interior decorator. had collaborated with Calvin Klein for six seasons before he became head interior decorator of the Calvin Klein Collection menswear line in spring 2004. Kevin Carrigan. an Englishman. is the originative manager of the ck Calvin Klein A ; Calvin Klein ( white label ) brands A ; their related licensed merchandises. Carrigan has been with Calvin Klein since 1998. CorporateStores Department Stores The major section shops in the US. including Macy’s. Lord A ; Taylor A ; Nordstrom. every bit good as many little independent shops carry the ck. white label A ; /or Jeans aggregations. Some high-end section shops. such as Bergdorf Goodman. Saks Fifth Avenue A ; Neiman Marcus besides carry Calvin Klein Collection. Noteworthy retail merchants in the UK offering Calvin Klein include shops such as John Lewis. Debenhams A ; KJ Beckett. In Australia the dominant retail merchant is Myer. Calvin Klein merchandises are besides found online with peculiar cyberspace focal point on selling Calvin Klein underwear A ; aroma. Europe A ; Asia In Europe. Calvin Klein is preponderantly known for its underwear. accoutrements A ; possibly the Collection concern. instead than for the medium-priced athletic wear lines which are available at choice high-end retail shops. In Asia. there are besides signature ck Calvin Klein shops that carry diffusion line. aka gray label including womenswear. menswear. accoutrements. ControversiesThe 1995 adverts advancing Calvin Klein jeans received critisicm for being â€Å"kiddie porn† . Pricing A ; LuxuryCalvin Klein Collection is one of several Calvin Klein trade names owned by Calvin Klein Inc. . a entirely owned subordinate of Phillips Van Heusen ( PVH ) . PVH describes the Collection as â€Å"the most esteemed A ; epicurean trade name. puting the tone of elegance A ; modern edification for all of the other Calvin Klein brands. Collection women’s dresses retail at about US $ 700–1. 400. cost up to $ 3. 000 or more.A men’s suit enters at around US $ 1. 300. These monetary values are significantly higher than those for comparable. mass-produced points in the company’s sportswear lines. Calvin Klein Collection vesture is presented bi-annually during the New York Fashion Week ( womenswear ) A ; Milan Fashion Week ( menswear ) . For the fall/winter 2009-10 shows at New York Fashion Week in February 2009. â€Å"as a one-off event† A ; at the juncture of the brand’s fortieth day of remembrance. Calvin Klein Collection menswear returned to New York City â€Å"after old ages of demoing in Milan† . The label sewn into the apparels used to be whitish with black characters until autumn 2004. Soon. it is black with a tonic logotype as shown above. The signature fount has non changed. Interior designers at Calvin Klein CollectionBefore the house of Calvin Klein was sold to PVH in late 2002. Mr. Klein himself oversaw the design of the womenâ₠¬â„¢s A ; men’s aggregation. After the sale he functioned as a originative adviser for a short clip A ; was subsequently released from all responsibilities within the company. The current originative manager for Calvin Klein Collection for adult females is Brazilian-born Francisco Costa. a former Gucci interior decorator. who had already worked with Mr. Klein straight before the founder’s going from the company. Italo Zucchelli. a former Jil Sander A ; Romeo Gigli interior decorator. had worked as a senior menswear interior decorator at Calvin Klein for six seasons before he became head interior decorator of the Calvin Klein Collection menswear line in spring 2004. Ulrich Grimm is the manager of men’s A ; women’s Collection places A ; accoutrements. Calvin Klein Collection AdvertisingThe Calvin Klein Collection advertizements use two â€Å"house/signature† theoretical accounts every season ( one male. one female ) to publicize the trade name. in add-on to patterning on the track. The theoretical accounts for the 2009/2010 season are Anna Selezneva A ; AJ Abualrub. Models for past seasons include Kate Moss. Christy Turlington . Toni Garrn. Suvi Koponen. A ; Andrew Stetson. For Fall 2010. Lara Stone has been entirely signed for the women’s dress advertisement runs for Calvin Klein Collection. every bit good as ck Calvin Klein A ; Calvin Klein Jeans. The men’s Collection run features David Agbodji. Calvin Klein Collection storesCurrently PVH operates merely one shop under the Calvin Klein Collection trade name: 654 Madison Ave. . New York ( flagship shop ) CALVIN KLEIN will bask something of a homecoming for autumn/winter 2009-10. when it shows its menswear aggregation on US dirt for the first clip since its catwalk history began. Since its origin in 1998 the menswear aggregation has traditionally been portion of the Milan Fashion Week agenda. but to cement its topographic point in the US market in its 40th anniversary twelvemonth. the label has confirmed that it will demo at New York Fashion Week in February as a one-off event.

Torture, Should It Be Allowed or Not free essay sample

According to Human Rights Watch in the following countries: China, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Malaysia, Morocco, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Syria, Turkey, Uganda, and Uzbekistan have documented the use of torture in two thousand and four and two thousand and five. In a recent poll Fifty Three percent of Americans believe that all torture should be abolished, with thirty one percent of those polled believing it should be allowed but with limits, and seven percent of those polled believing it should be allowed without limits. In a world full of lies and vulgarity, where people are capable of things so inhuman, torturing should not be allowed. Torture is often used to punish, to obtain information or a confession, to take revenge on a person or persons or create terror and fear within a population. Some of the most common methods of physical torture include beating, electric shocks, stretching, submersion, suffocation, burns, rape and sexual assault. We will write a custom essay sample on Torture, Should It Be Allowed or Not or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Psychological forms of torture and ill-treatment, which very often have the most long-lasting consequences for victims, commonly include: isolation, threats, humiliation, mock executions, mock amputations, and witnessing the torture of others. The use Lopez 2 of torture is dishonorable. It corrupts and degrades the state which uses it and the legal system which accepts it (Hoffman). Some societies have used torture to suppress independent thought and convert people to right-thinking. The individual is tortured until they abandon their own views and beliefs and adopt those of the torturers. The victim ceases to be an end in themselves but becomes just another means to support the regime of the torturer. Many people believe that it should not be legal for regular purposes, such as investigating domestic crimes, but for international security and our protection from extremists, they also believe that there are times when it will be necessary to act in otherwise distasteful ways. Many think it could be the only way we have to obtain information, because we all â€Å"know† that if we were in some other country, they would do it to us also. They believe that there are some cases between life and death, and continuing or ending a war, that choosing torture or no torture would dictate. However, this argument is invalid because anyone being tortured can lie about what they are stating in order to stop the torture from continuing. Torture is an ineffective interrogation tool because it may produce false information since under torture a prisoner will eventually say anything to stop the pain regardless of whether it is true. In which case, because of this the interrogator can never be sure that they are getting the truth and will never know when to stop. Any form of torture or cruel and unusual punishment should never be legal, in any situation. It is no one’s given right to purposely neither physically nor emotionally hurt another being. For one, a suspect is just that: a suspect. A suspect is a person thought to be guilty of a crime or offense, but without certain exact proof. For all the authorities know, the person being subjected to torture and abuse could very well be innocent. Humans are not infallible and Lopez 3 somewhere down the line, innocent people will be physically and mentally abused, and possibly permanently injured or killed (Thomas). Even people who have been proved to be guilty of a crime should not be tortured, as it goes against all morals and human rights. When an abuser tortures someone, the abuser becomes a criminal themselves. Even when people call it enhanced interrogation, this is just the politically correct term for torture (Kirk). Even if torture was legal, it has been proven that torture is very ineffective in producing information, and often results in suspects making false statements in order to stop their torture. It is easy to say that torture should be allowed when people remain ignorant and unexposed to the subject and how it works. Torture is no joke and is extremely brutal, for many people it remains adhered in their minds forever. For example, in the case of Abu Omar, he was, as he describes, spreading his arms in a crucifixion position, he was tied to a metal door as shocks were administered to his nipples and genitals. His legs still tremble as he describes how he was twice raped. He mentions, almost casually, the hearing loss in his left ear from the beatings, and how he still wakes up at night screaming, takes tranquilizers, finds it hard to concentrate, and has unspecified problems with his wife at home. He is, in short, a broken man (Bergen). Omar was an innocent man, though to be involved in terrorism, sent from the United States of America into Egypt to get tortured, since it would be â€Å"illegal† to do it in the US. In the fall of 2003, Abu Omar was taken to another prison; it was here that he was crucified and raped by the guards. After seven more months of torture, a Cairo court found there was no evidence that Abu Omar was involved in terrorism and ordered him freed. He was told not to contact anyone in Italy—including his wife—and not to speak to the press or human rights groups. Lopez 4 Above all, he was not to tell anyone what had happened. Like Omar, there are many more out there living with this penalty that they don’t deserve. â€Å"I believe strongly that torture is not moral, legal or effective. † Guantanamo is â€Å"a damaging symbol to the world†¦ a rallying cry for terrorist recruitment and harmful to our national security, so closing it is important for our national security. † Admiral Dennis Blair, from the Witness against torture committee stated when asked about the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, a detainment and interrogation facility of the United States military located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba. These committees exist in order to protect the rights of all of the innocent people like Abu Omar and exist within the United States with plenty of supporters all around. Ultimately, I believe torture should not be legal. Torture is a notoriously ineffective method of eliciting valid information, and the use of torture demeans the torturer even more than it punishes the victim of that abuse. Endorsing the use of torture by the State only gives it the stamp of validity and makes it more likely that innocents will suffer the infliction of torture including those we seek to protect through its implementation (Berkowitz). It dehumanizes people by treating them as pawns to be manipulated through their pain, it treats the victim as a thing, not as a person with all the value that we associate with persons, and it violates the rights and human dignity of the victim, including the legal right to remain silent when questioned. Torture is an inhuman and ineffective means of gaining information. Lopez 5 Works cited Berkowitz, Roger. Why We Must Judge. Democracy. Fall 2010: 56. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Bergen, Peter. The Body Snatchers. Mother Jones Vol. 33, No. 2. Mar/Apr 2008: 58-61. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 23 May 2013. Kirk, Robin. The Body in Pain. Sojourners. Jul 2011: 22. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013 McCarthy, Andrew C. Torture: Thinking About the Unthinkable. Commentary. July/Aug. 2004: 17. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Sands, Philippe. The Green Light. Vanity Fair No. 573. May 2008: 218+. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Thomas, Dorothy Q. , and others. Bringing Human Rights Home: Into the Bright Sunshine. American Prospect Vol. 15, No. 10. Oct. 2004: A1+. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013.

Free Essays on At Home

Mom was in the kitchen cooking a Christmas Eve breakfast when I woke up. Through the aroma’s I could make out the smell of fried bacon, buttermilk biscuits, and Moravian sugar cake. As I drifted into the kitchen, still half asleep, Mom turned and smiled as I did the same. â€Å"Good morning, Charlie. Are you ready for breakfast? I cooked some blueberry pancakes for you and your brothers,† came cheerfully from Mom’s mouth. â€Å"I was going to wait for James and William to get out of bed.† Then I turned to Dad who was reading the paper in the den, â€Å"Dad, have you eaten yet?† â€Å"I ate a piece of sugar cake, but other than that, no.† â€Å"Oh, ok.† I then looked back at Mom and responded with, â€Å"I can wait, so we can sit down together to eat.† I proceeded into the den where I took a seat on the couch with Dad. I sprawled out with my head on my father’s lap, trying to go back to sleep, but he wanted to play. As he tickled me and I would try to fight it, but I never had any luck because of his strength compared to mine. â€Å"Quit,† I yelped with agonizing despair. â€Å"MOM! Get Dad off of me!† â€Å"Jimmy quit bothering him. He just woke up and I don’t want you to wake up the boys.† â€Å"It’s time for them to get out of bed, anyway,† Dad said with a stern voice (trying to make it sound that he is the man of the house. â€Å"Charlie, why don’t you and I go wake up William and James.† â€Å"Ok, but I’m not waking James because he will beat me up,† I said to my Dad to make sure that my oldest brother wouldn’t get angry with me. As we walked up the steps I was astounded with the joyful fulfillment of waking my brothers. It was as if it was the highlight of the day. Dad and I walked into my brothers’ room, anticipating that they might wake up. As Dad crept up on James, I was closing in on William. Dad signaled to me, 1, 2, 3, and we both hurled ourselves on top of them. James had no chance of wi... Free Essays on At Home Free Essays on At Home Mom was in the kitchen cooking a Christmas Eve breakfast when I woke up. Through the aroma’s I could make out the smell of fried bacon, buttermilk biscuits, and Moravian sugar cake. As I drifted into the kitchen, still half asleep, Mom turned and smiled as I did the same. â€Å"Good morning, Charlie. Are you ready for breakfast? I cooked some blueberry pancakes for you and your brothers,† came cheerfully from Mom’s mouth. â€Å"I was going to wait for James and William to get out of bed.† Then I turned to Dad who was reading the paper in the den, â€Å"Dad, have you eaten yet?† â€Å"I ate a piece of sugar cake, but other than that, no.† â€Å"Oh, ok.† I then looked back at Mom and responded with, â€Å"I can wait, so we can sit down together to eat.† I proceeded into the den where I took a seat on the couch with Dad. I sprawled out with my head on my father’s lap, trying to go back to sleep, but he wanted to play. As he tickled me and I would try to fight it, but I never had any luck because of his strength compared to mine. â€Å"Quit,† I yelped with agonizing despair. â€Å"MOM! Get Dad off of me!† â€Å"Jimmy quit bothering him. He just woke up and I don’t want you to wake up the boys.† â€Å"It’s time for them to get out of bed, anyway,† Dad said with a stern voice (trying to make it sound that he is the man of the house. â€Å"Charlie, why don’t you and I go wake up William and James.† â€Å"Ok, but I’m not waking James because he will beat me up,† I said to my Dad to make sure that my oldest brother wouldn’t get angry with me. As we walked up the steps I was astounded with the joyful fulfillment of waking my brothers. It was as if it was the highlight of the day. Dad and I walked into my brothers’ room, anticipating that they might wake up. As Dad crept up on James, I was closing in on William. Dad signaled to me, 1, 2, 3, and we both hurled ourselves on top of them. James had no chance of wi...

Fun Family History Activities for Family Reunions

Fun Family History Activities for Family Reunions Like many families, you and your relatives may have made plans to get together this summer. What a great opportunity for sharing stories and family history.  Give one of these 10 fun family history activities a try at your next family reunion to get people talking, sharing and having fun. Memory T-Shirts If you have more than one branch of an extended family attending your reunion, consider identifying each branch with a different colored shirt. To further incorporate the family history theme, scan in a photo of the branchs progenitor and print it out on an iron-on transfer with identifiers such as Joes Kid or Joes Grandkid. These color-coded photo t-shirts make it easy to tell at a glance who is related to who. Color-coded family tree name tags offer a more inexpensive variation. Photo Swap Invite attendees to bring their old, historic family photos to the reunion, including pictures of people (great, great-grandpa), places (churches, cemetery, the old homestead) and even previous reunions. Encourage everyone to label their photos with the names of the people in the photograph, the date of the photo, and their own name and an ID number (a different number to identify each photo). If you can get a volunteer to bring a scanner and laptop computer with a CD burner, then set up a scanning table and create a CD of everyones photos. You can even encourage people to bring more photos by offering a free CD for every 10 photos contributed. The rest of the CDs you can sell to interested family members to help defray costs of the scanning and CD burning. If your family isnt very tech-savvy, then set up a table with the photos and include signup sheets where people can order copies of their favorites (by name and ID number). Family Scavenger Hunt Fun for all ages, but an especially good way to get the kids involved, a family scavenger hunt ensures plenty of interaction between different generations. Create a form or booklet with family-related questions such as: What was great-grandfather Powell’s first name? Which Aunt had twins? Where and when were Grandma and Grandpa Bishop married? Is there someone born in the same state as you? Set a deadline, and then gather the family together to judge the results. If you wish, you can award prizes to the people who get the most answers correct, and the booklets themselves make nice reunion souvenirs. Family Tree Wall Chart Create a large family tree chart to display on a wall, including as many generations of the family as possible. Family members can use it to fill in the blanks and correct any inaccurate information. Wall charts are popular with reunion attendees as they help people visualize their place within the family. The finished product also provides a great source of genealogical information. Heritage Cookbook Invite attendees to submit favorite family recipes- from their own family or one passed down from a distant ancestor. Ask them to include details on, memories of and a photo (when available) of the family member best known for the dish. The collected recipes can then be turned into a wonderful family cookbook. This also makes a great fundraising project for the following years reunion. Memory Lane Storytime A rare opportunity to hear interesting and funny stories about your family, a storytelling hour can really encourage family memories. If everyone agrees, have someone audiotape or videotape this session. Tour of the Past If your family reunion is held near where the family originated, then schedule a trip to the old family homestead, church or cemetery. You can use this as an opportunity to share family memories, or go a step further and recruit the clan to clean up the ancestral cemetery plots or research the family in old church records (be sure to schedule with the pastor in advance). This is a particularly special activity when many members are attending from out-of-town. Family History Skits and Reenactments Using stories from your own family history, have groups of attendees develop skits or plays that will retell the tales at your family reunion. You can even stage these reenactments at places that are of importance to your family such as homes, schools, churches, and parks (see Tour into the Past above). Non-actors can get into the fun by modeling vintage clothing or ancestral outfits. Oral History Odyssey Find someone with a video camera who is willing to interview members of the family. If the reunion is in honor of a special event (such as Grandma and Grandpas 50th Anniversary), ask people to talk about the guest(s) of honor. Or, ask questions on other select memories, such as growing up on the old homestead. Youll be surprised how differently people remember the same place or event. Memorabilia Table Set up a table for attendees to bring and display treasured family memorabilia- historic photos, military medals, old jewelry, family bibles, etc. Be sure all items are carefully labeled and the table is always hosted.

Microfinance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Microfinance - Essay Example The government gains significantly as its efforts to improve the living standards of its citizens are boosted through the efforts of microfinance. Lastly, for microfinance that goes public, stockholders are another major stakeholder and their concern is gaining dividends from their shares. There is no one stakeholder that may be considered more important than the others. Microfinance charges very high-interest rates but paid over a very short period of time. The rates are multiple times higher than even those charged by contemporary commercial banks. Further, the rate of repayment is extremely high despite not being secured tangible. This ensures that through the issuance of loans, microfinance is able to make huge profits which sustain them. To deal with life cycle issues, microfinance offer loans with different interest rates. For those who are extremely poor and unable to pay interests, they are given loans with no interest charged. This helps them to build business stamina, especially during hard economic times. One governance mechanism that microfinance use is social security in loans issuance. Since members are poor and do not have property to offer as security against loans to be acquired, collateral for borrowed money is assured intangible communally. As such loans are acquired only through groups. Each member of a group is liable for a loan borrowed and this alone provides an impetus for a member to persuade each other to pay their share of the loan without defaulting.

How the Legalization or Decriminalization of Marijuana Can Optimize a Essay

How the Legalization or Decriminalization of Marijuana Can Optimize a Drug Situation in a Country - Essay Example Although not legal in the Netherlands, cannabis is openly tolerated and can be both purchased and consumed in one of several Amsterdam ‘coffee houses.’   Inexplicably, the city has not been thrown into anarchy which, evidently, is what the opponents of cannabis legalization are afraid of.   The evidence demonstrates that legalizing cannabis for medicinal in addition to general purposes would prove a benefit to society, evidence which is well-known throughout the scientific, political and public arena but this collective knowledge has yet to be acted upon.  Eleven states allow the use of marijuana for medicinal use, Rhode Island the most recent joining California, Alaska, Hawaii, Colorado, Oregon, Nevada, Montana, Washington and, Vermont and Maine.   However, laws enacted by the federal government supersede those of the states.   Therefore, the physician within the borders of the U.S. cannot lawfully dispense marijuana nor can a patient legally possess it. †Å"The U.S. Supreme Court said federal law preempts any efforts by the state to authorize the use of marijuana for any purpose, including medicinal† (Schweitzer, 2005).   Most Americans are not against the medicinal use of marijuana and states are legalizing the practice but any use of marijuana remains against federal law which generally translates to stiffer sentences if caught. The U.S. government has recently softened its position on allowing marijuana dispensaries located in states where it is legal but other than that small waiver has continued its absolute prohibition of Marijuana, a method that is one of the most common policies utilized but has evidently not succeeded as intended.   This practice has not eliminated drug traffic.   It has, however, altered the arrangement of supply and demand by forcing the illegality of this market. Illegal marijuana makes criminals of the sick. Many medical benefits are well known.   

Ways Of Seeing Essay Example for Free

Ways Of Seeing Essay What is considered art has been a controversial question for many years in history and today. There are various forms and types of art. Because art is very complex and diverse, it is viewed and conceptualized in many different ways. Nancy G. Heller states even though a type of artwork is hard to understand, it’s considered art, and artwork that people don’t understand shouldn’t be disregarded from other types of art. She feels as though people shouldn’t be intimidated by artwork that’s hard to understand and her main goal is to try to help people feel more comfortable around art they don’t understand. Picasso believes that all art needs to be an original in order to be considerably successful. He states that nature and art are completely different things. Picasso explains that art is a lie that allows us to realize the truth. And finally, John Berger speaks about publicity being a form of art, and how it uses art to manipulate people into buying what is publicized. Berger says publicity ads have a way of working because ads focus on the future, which people are attracted to more than the present. Each of these authors have different opinions on how art is viewed and conceived, however they unite from similar points in their views. All art is art, and shouldn’t be dismissed. In â€Å"’Statement to Marius De Zayas,’ 1923,† Picasso states that art has to convince people of its truthfulness. In his article, Picasso defends the art of cubism. —because cubism, like many other types of art, is not understood yet by most people. However, cubism isn’t any different from a type of art someone likes and understands—it shares the same principles or elements as any/ all other types of art. Picasso elaborates on his claims by giving the reader an example of him reading an English book. He says that reading a book doesn’t make sense to him, yet it doesn’t mean that the English language doesn’t exist. He states that no one should be responsible for him not being able to understand what he doesn’t know much about. Picasso believes that an individual shouldn’t say a type of art isn’t art only because they don’t understand it. The individual should, instead, try to understand it, and if he/ she still doesn’t consider it to be an art, the individual should claim to just dislike that specific type of art. Picasso and Heller both agree that art is art and that it shouldn’t be questioned. Nancy G. Heller’s book, â€Å"Why a Painting is Like a Pizza: a Guide to Understanding and Enjoying Modern Art† starts with the author’s experience making a pizza in Texas. From her experience, she concluded that painting is like a pizza. Just as many people have a variety of taste in pizza that they prefer, when people look at art, they have certain preferences in art as well. Some people usually completely dismiss certain groups of art, saying its not art at all. Heller defends artists who are victims of these cruel remarks by saying, â€Å"anything anyone says is art should be in fact be regarded as art† (Heller 10). All art should not only be regarded as art, but art also is a lie that uncovers the truth. In Heller’s article, one of her examples shows Rosa Bonheur’s painting â€Å"’The Horse Fair’ (1853). † This painting is very realistic like a photograph. On the contrary, the painting is just very convincing. Bonheur’s painting of the galloping horses lie to the viewer, because the horses aren’t actually galloping in front of the viewer. However, it helps the viewer recognize the truth from the artist’s lies. All art lies, which help the viewer, uncover the truth. Nature and art aren’t the same. Only something real can be natural. Picasso agrees with Heller by saying, â€Å"nature and art, being two different things, cannot be the same thing. Through art, we express our conception of what nature is not† (Picasso par. 5). Picasso states that art needs to be an original idea—otherwise it is useless. An artwork being original allows the viewer to notice the truth. He suggests that art isn’t actually what the artwork portrays. â€Å"Art is not truth. Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth† (Picasso par. 3). Although paintings aren’t real, it can symbolize something that is real. In â€Å"Ways of Seeing† by John Berger, the author talks about all art (publicity ads or paintings) must be convincing to the viewer. â€Å"Publicity begins by working on a natural appetite for pleasure. But it cannot offer the real object of pleasure and there is no convincing substituted for pleasure in that pleasure’s own terms. The more convincingly publicity conveys the pleasure of bathing in a warm, distant sea, the more the spectator-buyer will become aware that he is hundreds of miles away from that sea and the more remote the chance of bathing in it will seem to him† (Berger 132). The author gives an example of how publicity ads work by suggesting if a publicity ad was to show the pleasures of bathing in a warm and distant sea, the viewer (or buyer) will realize that he is many miles away from the sea that the ad is portraying, and the chance of bathing in that sea will seem far to him. If the viewers aren’t convinced from art, whether it’s a publicity ad or a painting, that artwork is not successful. If a viewer thinks that the representation of whatever the ad is trying to sell is intangible, the viewer will be less convinced. John Berger and Picasso share the same beliefs that art should live in the present. Since there is constant exposure of publicity ads, Berger believes that ads live in the present. Publicity ads are located almost anywhere in this world. From magazines and TVs to buses and billboards, ads are everywhere. Publicity ads are not only constantly around a person’s surroundings, but also are always updated and/ or renewed. Although Berger talks about publicity ads living in the moment, they never represent the present time. Picasso similarly states, if a painting is looked at and appreciated by the viewer, it’s alive, living in the present. Picasso’s work has been echoed in his own idea. All of his work â€Å"was made for the present and with the hope that it will always remain in the present† (Picasso par. 11). Picasso gives an example of the Greek and Egyptian art. He proclaims that Greek and Egyptian art is more alive today than it was when the artwork as created. People are intrigued about how the artwork was made back then, and that alone keeps the early Greek and Egyptian artwork alive in the present. All authors have common beliefs on how art should be viewed and conceived. Art is art and it shouldn’t be questioned. If art is hard to understand, it shouldn’t be dismissed as not art†¦ it should categorized as a type of art an individual dislikes. Furthermore, paintings don’t tell the truth; however it is filled with lies that help an individual recognize the truth through the painting being convincing. And lastly, an artwork lives in the present time—even if the artwork was made in the past. Work Cited Berger, John. Ways Of Seeing. London: Penguin Book, 1977. Print. Heller, Nancy G. Why a Painting is Like a Pizza: a Guide to Understanding and Enjoying Modern Art. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002. Print. Picasso, Pablo. â€Å"Statement to Marius de Zayas. † The Arts. NY, May 1923. Translation approved by Picasso. Web. 18 September 2012. .

Mistakes That Should Not Last A Lifetime :: essays research papers

Teenage pregnancy seems to be a growing problem in today’s society. The stereotypes that come along with being a pregnant teen have also grown. Most teenage mothers today are labeled as irresponsible, and at time are considered bed parents without being given a chance. It is true that careless decisions had to be made in order for the mother to have ever become pregnant, but it is completely unfair for all teenage mothers to have to carry these normal stereotypes. I believe that all teenage mothers should be given a chance to prove that they too can be responsible parents.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have met society’s stereotypical teenage parent. Heather Goode was a very close friend of mine in high school. At the beginning of our senior year, I found out that Heather was pregnant. She continues coming to school up until two weeks before Blake was born. After Blake was born, I never heard Heather talk of him, and I definitely never saw her taking care of him. He was always with her parents. Blake is about six months old now, and Heather still hardly spends any time with him. I see Blake every now and then, but he is always being taken care of by Heather’s parents. She has certainly fit right in to society’s typical teenage mother role, but two of my other friends have not.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I would like to introduce you to Aubrey Shelton. Aubrey is nineteen years old, and she has an eight-month-old daughter named Bailee. I often spend time with the two of them, and it amazes me how mature Aubrey has become since Bailee was born. Before Bailee Aubrey was a cheerleader in high school, and has big plans of moving away to go to college. When she found out she was pregnant. She decided to complete her first semester of college before Bailee was born, and then to take the next two semesters off in order to spend time with her daughter. Aubrey has not put the responsibility of taking care of her child on her parents. Instead, she spends most of her time loving and caring for her daughter. It is a very rare occasion that I see Aubrey that she does not have Bailee right there with her. Even though she admits she never wanted a child at her age; she does everything she can to be just as good of a mother as someone who has planned their children.

Invasive Species Climate Change And Aquatic Ecosystems Environmental Sciences Essay

Climate alteration and invasive species have been a disputing job in this planetary alteration. When many emphasiss act in synergy they may finally hold unexpected and irreversible effects for the native communities and besides may impact economically valuable human activities such as piscaries in a peculiar part ( Ambrogi, 2007 ) . To avoid and minimise impact of invasive species, appropriate sensing and control should be find to accomplish optimal consequence, include sing influence of clime alteration. This paper attempt to give general overview of the consequence of clime alteration on invasive species, started with reexamining consequence of clime alteration on aquatic ecosystem, so specific to aquatic invasive species ( AIS ) peculiarly the consequence of altered thermic government, and eventually place steps to be taken. Invasive species, clime alteration and aquatic ecosystems As defined in Executive Summary of the National Invasive Species Management Plan ( NISMP ) the term invasive species is â€Å" a species that is non-native to the ecosystem under consideration and whose debut causes or is likely to do economic or environmental injury or injury to human wellness † ( NISC, 2006 ) . Raaymakers ( 2007 ) has observed that homo has contributed in the procedure of species dispersal every bit long as they have sailed across the seas ; moreover, in modern times with canal development, motion of big Marine construction, marine being attached to drifting marine dust, flight of species from fish tank, and ballast H2O and hull fouling of commercial transportation. Natural scientists besides have determined that human activities have become dominant force in act uponing clime, greatly exceeds the influence by natural procedure such as volcanic eruption and solar alterations. Incoming solar radiation and out-going infrared ( thermic ) radiation that are portion of Earth ‘s energy balance are altered by nursery gases and aeroA ­sols. The overall consequence of human activities on clime has been a warmA ­ing influence ( IPCC, 2007 ) . Ecosystem was influenced by clime in many ways ; some are more vulnerable and sensitive than other. Animal, workss and micro-organism lives are strongly attuned in clime, for illustration temperature fluctuation ; sum, timing or signifier of precipitation ( Committee, 2008 ) . In aquatic system, Rahel and olden ( 2008 ) province that warmer H2O temperatures, shorter continuance of ice screen, altered streamflow forms, increased salinization, and increased demand for H2O storage and conveyance constructions is projected as consequence of clime alteration. As an illustration, in instance of US aquatic ecosystem, Poff, Brinson & A ; Day ( 2002 ) sum up several of import points sing possible impact of clime alteration, such as exposure of aquatic and wetland ecosystems to climate alteration, displacement in thermic suitableness of aquatic home grounds for occupant species by increasing of temperature, and negative effects caused by seasonal displacements in watercourse overflow. However, in their research, most specific ecological response to climate alteration can non be predicted because of new combinations of native and non native species interaction in fresh status. Climate alteration induced on ecosystem conditions besides can enable spread of invasive species through both range enlargement and creative activity of home grounds and conditions suited for freshly introduced invasive species. Research on clime alteration and invasive species is limited ; nevertheless, many surveies on possible climate-change impacts to aquatic systems and AIS exist ( US-EPA, 2008 ) . Consequence of clime alteration on aquatic invasive species AIS can do broad scope of ecological impacts, including loss of native biodiversity, altered home grounds, alterations in H2O chemical science, altered biogeochemical procedures, hydrological alterations, and altered nutrient webs ( US-EPA, 2008 ) . Gritti in Hellmann ( 2008 ) noted that due to its pervasiveness and possible consequence on cardinal biological procedure, clime alteration will interact with other bing stressor to impact distribution, spread, copiousness and impact of invasive species. Altered conditions such as increased atmospheric C dioxide, modified precipitation governments, warming ocean and coastal currents, increased ambient temperature, and altered nitrogen distribution can increase invasive species success in some contexts. Increased temperatures and altered precipitation governments are likely to hold larger effects on AIS than increasing degrees of C dioxide ( US-EPA, 2008 ) . In general, figure 1 shows classification of aquatic system features that will be altered by clime alteration and how these alterations will impact invasive species. Figure 1. Features of aquatic system that will altered by clime alteration and how these alterations will impact invasive species ( Rahel, 2008 ) As identified by several researches mentioned supra, there are many altered status which perchance influence AIS ; nevertheless, this paper will merely concentrate to reexamine the consequence on AIS by altered thermic government. Consequence of altered thermic government on aquatic invasive species Since most aquatic beings are poikilothermic, temperature is of import in their physiology, bionenergetics, behaviour, and biogeography. Warmer clime will spread out the geographic countries with suited temperatures for warmwater aquaculture, tropical fish civilization, and out-of-door H2O gardens ( Rahel, 2008 ) . For illustration, McCauley in Rahel ( 2008 ) identified that optimum temperatures for aquaculture of mudcat are projected to travel 240 km northerly in the southeasterly US for every 1i‚ °C addition in average one-year air temperature. Change in likeliness of invasive species that will be established besides caused by H2O temperatures warmwith climate alteration. Fish are frequently classified into thermic clubs based on temperature tolerance. Coldwater temperatures can be viewed as a filter that prevents warmwater-adapted species from set uping self-sufficient populations. This filter is decreasing, and warmwater species could distribute to new countries ( Rahel, 2008 ) . Warming H2O temperatures may besides do thermic lake stratification governments, ensuing in earlier commixture and phytoplankton blooms that may change zooplankton development. Changes to timing of zooplankton reproduction and/or copiousness could prefer certain species over others and have possible negative effects for aquatic ecosystems ( Winder in US-EPA, 2008 ) . Furthermore, Rahel ( 2008 ) province that â€Å" altered thermic governments could intercede the impacts of established non-native species on native species through displacements in competitory laterality between native and nonnative species, increased ingestion of native quarry species by non-native marauders, or increased effects of non-native parasites on native species. † Water temperature raise their nutrient ingestion rate until thermally nerve-racking conditions are reached. This status could amplify impacts of non-native marauders on native quarry species. Marcogliese in Rahel ( 2008 ) besides conclude that clime heating may increase virulency of nonnative parasites and pathogens to native species through leting disease beings finishing their life rhythm more quickly and achieve higher population densenesss. Another consequence of warming temperatures may be an addition in figure of sexual versus nonsexual generative periods for works species, ensuing in increased rates of spread. Diaz-Amela in US-EPA ( 2008 ) associated the blossoming rhythms of a Mediterranean seagrass to warming H2O temperatures. Rahel ( 2008 ) examined that most researcher focal point on how climate alteration will increase figure and badness of invasions. However, in specific instance, positive consequence in diminishing AIS besides exist ; for illustration, some invasive coldwater species may be unable to prevail under new clime conditions. However, since clime alteration has high possibility to alter ecosystems, the influence of clime alteration should be taking into consideration in finding sensing and control steps to pull off the menaces. Measures There are several steps sing Invasive species. It should be start with national scheme and supported by international co-operation. Then, early sensing and schemes for obliteration, containment, control and extenuation through mechanical, biological and chemical method should be developed ( GISP, 2001 ) . Sing clime alteration influence, supervising study can supply foundation for measuring combine effects of clime alteration and invasion by supplying baseline biotic and environmental status, though public-service corporation of a study depends whether the consequence are quantitative or qualitative, and other design consideration ( Lee, 2008 ) . Although clime alteration is planetary graduated table procedure, it has diverse regional manifestation. Ecological impact normally has local features and varies from topographic point to topographic point ( Committee, 2008 ) . To forestall farther effect that might be occurred, more research in each specific location should be conducted to explicate steps that can be taken sing this mater. There are several ongoing control plans for AIS that besides should be review related to climate alteration. For illustration, in instance of mechanical harvest home and weedkillers which used to command Eurasiatic watermilfoil in the littoral zone of lakes, and scouring or molluscicides which used to forestall clogging of H2O intake pipes by zebra mussels in the Laurentian Great Lakes, warmer H2O temperatures could let these and other invasive species to get down growing earlier in the twelvemonth and maintain growing subsequently into the autumn. Therefore, dearly-won control actions would necessitate to be implemented more often. Review besides have to be done for migration barrier building or step with cut downing solar input into watercourses by increasing shadowing from riparian flora ( Rahel, 2008 ) . Decision Human has contributed in doing clime alteration and AIS job. Measures have been developing to get the better of economic, environment and human wellness job caused by AIS. Since clime alteration has high possibility to alter ecosystem, it is an of import thing to see influence of clime alteration in pull offing hazard of AIS. Specifically, altered thermic government cause by clime alteration has altered pathway, change the likeliness of AIS constitution and switch competitory laterality between native and nonnative species or increased effects of non-native parasites on native species. Therefore, these alterations should be integrated in schemes for sensing, obliteration, containment, control and extenuation of AIS.

Management and Human Resource Development Essay

1.Integration with organizational missions and goals According to Garavan (1991), integration into business planning in order to contribute to corporate goals and missions of the organization are very crucial. One of Human Resource Development’s functions is to help in formation of business strategies for the organization and it is seen as a responsive and reactive role for strategic human resource development (McCracken & Wallace, 2000). Furthermore, the role of SHRD is to shape the organization strategy instead of simply supporting role. Another role of Human Resource Development is to implement or form the corporate strategy. These tasks require them to link the corporate strategy with the organization’s missions and goals. According to Legnick-Hall and Legnick-Hall (1988) and Butler (1988), besides integrating the corporate strategy with the organizational missions and goals, strategic human resource development also plays an important role in shaping and influencing the missions and goals (as stated in McCracken and Wallace, 2000). 2.Top management support  In strategic human resource development, top management support is very important in order to implement the corporate strategy. The corporate strategy that has been formed need to be led actively by the top management people rather than just simply supported by them (Harrison, 1997). Active leadership from the top management will help the managers to adopt strategic thinking in achieving the targeted goals (McCracken and Wallace, 2000). 3.Environmental scanning  In SHRD, environmental scanning is very important to develop the strategic planning. HRD professionals and others senior managers need to conduct the SWOT and PEST analysis. These analyses will help the organization to respond or react to any changes in the internal or external environment (Rainbird, 1995; Peery and Salem, 1993). However, environmental scanning alone is not enough because HRD terms and top management need to implement it (McCracken and Wallace, 2000). Level of Strategic Human Resource Development  The first level of contexts that are crucial in order to understand the contribution of strategic human resource development is global environment. By analyzing and understanding the global environment is very important for an organization in order to be more flexible. Being flexible helps an organization to control and respond quickly to its surrounding, especially the external environment. This level focuses on a multiplicity of external factors that explain the role of SHRD in crisis management and generate particular SHRD initiatives (Wang, Hutchins & Garavan, 2009). There are three sets of component that must be understood in the context of global environment which are local conditions, national conditions and multinational conditions. Local conditions basically focus on laws and protocol. For example, the organization might need to devise emergency planning processes to tackle potential crisis regarding the safety and health law (Wang, Hutchins & Garavan, 2009). Local conditions can be divided into two parts which are economic and political trends as well as industry characteristics. The organization must alert with the economic and political conditions within the country. For the industry characteristics, the organization must ensure that their products and services have its own uniqueness. They need to master the products and services very well where all information need to be in their fingertips. They also need to know the targeted audiences for every of the product and services provided. The national conditions which can be divided into four parts. The first part is technology change. The organization must provide adequate training to its employees to increase the productivity of the employees in operating the latest technology. Since technology is rapidly change, so the employees need to be trained from time to time. The second part is the characteristics of the labor market. An organization must be flexible in terms of planning about the resources of the organizations especially when it comes to human resources. The management needs to hire more expertise. The third set is national culture. The organization need to learn and understand about the culture in order to provided the right products and services. For example, the food industry in Malaysia, they need to ensure that most of the foods are halal in order to fit it with the Muslim culture. The last part is regarding the national HRD systems. Some countries use the â€Å"soft† interventions rather than the â€Å"hard† approaches such as codes and protocols (Wang, Hutchins & Garavan, 2009). It may appear as a component of partnership planning between the government, employers and trade unions. The last set of components is the multinational conditions which are cross-culture difference and international laws and regulations. Cross-cultural differences such as cultural assumptions towards planning and risk may also operate by some organizations. According to Tierney,Lindell & Perry (2001), Asian countries are slow to react to disasters and they do not understand the important of systems and processes to deal with these disasters. Meanwhile, according to Caudron (2002), global terrorist events and international criminal acts have alert the national government regarding the important of providing the security education and professional education of human resources involved in security management. Certain multinational corporations may also pose some policies on individual companies within the corporation’s (Wang, Hutchins & Garavan, 2009).

Transformations Through War (all quiet on the western front) essays

Transformations Through War (all quiet on the western front) essays The novel All Quiet on the Western Front depicts World War I, the most devastating war up until its time. The author Erich Maria Remarque gets across a few forceful themes. Perhaps the strongest theme is the transformations that war induces. All Quiet demonstrates through the character Paul, that going through war transforms many different things. It changes a society and individuals in many ways. War can have a temporary positive effect but for the most part it corrupts everyone involved. The way that war can have a slightly positive outcome is through changing how people view war. It distorts things by making humans act primitively, changing the way they see life, and by corrupting a society. There are a few ways that war can improve the way a person sees things. One slightly positive effect of war is that it can change peoples patriotic outlook on killing people. Before going to war everyone has a positive view of what war is. All Quiet demonstrates this when Paul reminisces back to when he was going to enroll. He talks about how one of his teachers had influenced him and his friends to participate in the war. The teacher influences them by telling them what an honor it is to fight for your country and how everyone will look up to them. When they actually got out there and were fighting they saw that its not worth it for their country. Its queer when one thinks about it, we are here to protect our fatherland. And the French are over there to protect their fatherland. Now whos in the right? Knowing that the other countries are there for the same reason as they are makes them question what theyre fighting for. Its horrible that it had to get to the point of war, but at l east sooner or later the soldiers have to realize that what theyre doing is not for a good cause. Another meager positive effect also has to do with the way that the soldiers ...

Rechazo de solicitud de tarjeta de residencia para EEUU

Rechazo de solicitud de tarjeta de residencia para EEUU Aunque cumplas con los requisitos para solicitar una tarjeta de residencia es posible que la peticià ³n sea denegada. Estas son las causas y quà © se puede hacer. Lee con atencià ³n esta lista de 42 causas que te hacen inadmisible (esa es la palabra que se utiliza tà ©cnicamente) para recibir la tarjeta de residencia. Lo ideal es conocerlas antes de meter los papeles con Inmigracià ³n, y asà ­ ver cules son las posibilidades de obtener la residencia. Pero si ya ests al final de la tramitacià ³n y te dicen que no, debes saber si puedes hacer algo. Y, en ese caso, lo quà ©. Causas de denegacià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia por ser inadmisible Padecer cierto tipo de enfermedades contagiosas o carecer de determinadas vacunas.Sufrir de enfermedades fà ­sicas o mentales de tal modo que puedas causarte daà ±o a ti mismo o a otros.Alcoholismo.Ser un drogadicto o haber sido condenado por violar alguna ley que regula las drogas ilegales, tanto en Estados Unidos o en cualquier otro paà ­s del mundo.  Ser un traficante de droga o participar de cualquier modo en ese tipo de delito.Ser esposo/a y/o hijos de un traficante, si se ha recibido dinero del narco en los à ºltimos cinco aà ±os.Haber sido condenado por un delito inmoral. Tener dos o ms delitos con una condena de cinco aà ±os o ms.Haber sido condenado por un delito agravado.Ejercer o haber ejercido la prostitucià ³n o haber solicitado los servicios de una prostituta (o, en su caso, de su versià ³n masculina). Esto aplica por diez aà ±os.Pretender obtener inmunidad para no ser procesado en EEUU por un delito y conseguir asà ­ salir del paà ­s.Haber realizado activi dades que comprometan la seguridad de los Estados Unidos. Haber cometido o haber conspirado para cometer un delito de trfico humano. O ser el esposo/a o hijo/a de tal persona y haberse beneficiado de ese delito en los à ºltimos cinco aà ±os.Realizar o haber llevado a cabo labores de espionaje o haber participado en un intento para derrocar al gobierno de los Estados Unidos.Haber realizado cualquier actividad que pueda clasificarse como terrorista.Membresà ­a en un partido totalitario, en el comunista o en el partido nazi.Haber participado en un genocidio.Ser una carga pà ºblica o cuando es probable que se va a ser en el futuro.Haber participado de cualquier forma en lavado de dinero o pretender entrar a EEUU para desarrollar esa actividad delictiva.Ser un mà ©dico o personal de sanidad que carece de la debida cualificacià ³n o certificacià ³n.Estar ya en Estados Unidos y haber entrado al paà ­s cruzando ilegalmente la frontera. Es decir, no hubo un control migratorio en una aduana terrestre, en un puerto o en un aeropuerto y, por lo tanto, ningà ºn oficial de inmigracià ³n admitià ³ o le concedià ³ una parole al extranjero que ahora solicita la green card. No haberse presentado en Corte cuando se tenà ­a una citacià ³n durante un proceso de deportacià ³n.Haber presentado o utilizado un documento de identificacià ³n falso. Asegurar falsamente que se es ciudadano de los Estados Unidos.Llegar a EEUU como polizà ³n  Haber que han violado las condiciones de una visa de estudiante.No tener documentos que son necesarios para obtener la green card.Haber sido penalizado civilmente de acuerdo a las disposiciones del artà ­culo 247C la Ley de Nacionalidad e Inmigracià ³n (INA, siglas en inglà ©s).Cumplir con alguno de los supuestos que hacen a una persona inelegible para poder adquirir la ciudadanà ­a americana, segà ºn los artà ­culos 314 y 315 de la INA.No haber cumplido en tu paà ­s con la obligacià ³n del servicio militar.Haber sido expulsado de Estados Unidos nada ms llegar a las fronteras del paà ­s.Tener o haber   tenido presencia ilegal en Estados Unidos.Cometer una infraccià ³n inmigratoria y despuà ©s continuaron vi viendo en Estados Unidos en una situacià ³n de presencia ilegal. Haber sido deportado Haber sido deportado y despuà ©s de su deportacià ³n han vuelto a cruzar ilegalmente a Estados Unidos, causando asà ­ lo que se conoce como prohibicià ³n permanente. Practicar la poligamia.Secuestro internacional de nià ±os.Haber votado ilegalmente en Estados Unidos.Haber renunciado previamente a la ciudadanà ­a para evitar pagar impuestos.Haber tenido  una visa de intercambio J-1 hasta que pasan dos aà ±os viviendo fuera de EEUU en los casos en los que aplica, que no es siempre.Cuando tu presencia en EEUU puede ser calificada de que serà ­a un perjuicio para el paà ­s.Haber reclutado a nià ±os-soldados o cometido tortura o asesinatos extrajudiciales.Haber atentado gravemente contra la libertad de religià ³n cuando se actuaba como oficial de otro paà ­s. Haber ayudado a indocumentados a entrar ilegalmente a Estados Unidos. Cà ³mo Estados Unidos sabe que se ha realizado alguna de esas actividades El gobierno de los EEUU obliga a todos los solicitantes de una tarjeta de residencia a someterse a unas pruebas biomà ©tricas, entre ellas, a la de huellas dactilares. Esto permite obtener mucha informacià ³n tanto de actividades realizadas en USA como fuera. Si cualquier agencia del gobierno se da cuenta de que has mentido en relacià ³n a uno de esos asuntos las posibilidades de que en el futuro puedas conseguir algà ºn beneficio migratorio son prcticamente nulas. Quà © hacer si si en tu pasado hay alguna actividad incluida en esa lista Si todavà ­a no se ha iniciado la tramitacià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia, consular con un abogado de inmigracià ³n especialista en tu tipo de problema. Y saber de antemano quà © se puede hacer. Si la tarjeta de residencia te ha sido ya denegada, consulta con un abogado de inmigracià ³n especialista en este tema para analizar si: Puedes pedir un perdà ³n (waiver). Estos son los requisitos y los trmites para solicitar el perdà ³n.  Adems, los familiares inmediatos de ciudadanos que estn en Estados Unidos y cuyo à ºnico problema es estar ilegalmente en el paà ­s y no pueden ajustar su estatus podrà ­an en algunos casos calificar para el perdà ³n provisional I-601A. Si hace muchos aà ±os (2001 o antes) se tuvo una peticià ³n aprobada a favor de un inmigrante, estudiar si se cumplen los requisitos para beneficiarse de la proteccià ³n 245(i). Si la prohibicià ³n para obtener la tarjeta de residencia por la causa que te afecta expira tras el paso de un nà ºmero determinado de aà ±os, ya pasaron y ya no habrà ­a ese problema.Si te afecta lo que se conoce como una prohibicià ³n permanente (permanent bar). Es muy difà ­cil de conseguir un beneficio, pero no imposible. Dependiendo de la causa de la prohibicià ³n y del tipo de visa que se desea solicitar es posible solicitar el perdà ³n en cualquier m omento o puede que sea necesario esperar como mà ­nimo  10 aà ±os fuera de Estados Unidos. O si simplemente no hay nada que hacer. Consejos para probar conocimientos En asuntos de inmigracià ³n, cuando ms sepas, mejor. Toma este test de respuestas mà ºltiples  para verificar que tienes los conocimientos bsicos para obtener y conservar la tarjeta de residencia.   Es un proceso largo y costoso. Cuando menos errores se cometan, mejor. Y este test te ayuda a mejorar tus conocimientos. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. no es asesorà ­a legal.

New Virtual Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New Virtual Society - Essay Example in Brown 30). In this respect, for example, while terminating relationships or turning down a candidate for open job position, a lot of individuals prefer to substitute face-to-face conversations for virtual methods of communication in order to avoid any embarrassment and try to prevent oneself from any negative emotions. 2. Cyberspace helps to widen communication and diversify person’s social ties, which, despite all advantages of virtual life, can stay quite unstable and weak. For instance, Brown states that â€Å"someone with more than 3,000 Facebook friends probably has more than 2,000 shallow friendships† (31). Even though, being a former classmate, coworker or merely an acquaintance from exhibition, each so-called â€Å"friend† from such a long list may have different relation to the owner of profile, not many social networks admit this disparity and provide relevant additional options for their users. â€Å"In the new Virtual Society, we will see an increasing transition from basic matchmaking sites to sites that enable people to actually go out on online â€Å"dates† without ever leaving their desks. While face-to-face dating will never entirely disappear, the process - and even relationships themselves - will happen more and more in virtual space† (Brown 30) According to the latest forecasts, in the future, dating sites will be more advanced implementing technological option that ensures virtuality of face-to-face dates. Hence, users will not be forced to leave their houses in case they wish to meet someone. Therefore, along with existence of traditional dating, virtual relationships and meetings will be widely popularized (Brown 30). â€Å"More and more people regard the virtual world as a place where they can establish and maintain safer, less demanding relationships on their own time. Ease, flexibility, and relative anonymity will continue to be three key components on

A Gold Market Bubble Myth Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Gold Market Bubble Myth - Research Paper Example On the other hand, Marc Feber debunks that idea by explaining that gold’s appreciation to $1,900 an ounce reveals that there is no bubble. It is because the central bank continues to increase money supply which has assisted spur the precious metal to this level. Furthermore, he argues that the gold is not in a bubble as when one buys gold, it is more of insurance in the face of financial market problems and systematic failure (Qt. in Chanjaroen). The prices of precious metals, such as gold, platinum, and silver are driven by a wide range of factors. These factors may include, debt levels, currencies, money supply, inflation, CDS spread, interest rates, and fabrication demands from other sectors, such a electronics, solar appliances, and jewelry. Recently, investment demand proved to be the primary driver as investors used precious metals in comparison to the dollar as a ‘store of value considering inflation, general hedge, and currency depreciation. Signification demand arises from buyers in Asia, pension funds, diversification and investment demands from hedge funds, and central banks monetary demands(Durden). Debt Level Increase vs. precious metal (Bloomberg Industries) (Source: Durden) The major factors contributing to such demand are concerns about an economy on a global scale, inflation risks, and risk of currency debasement. Moreover, gold has always been the preserve of the smart money. Risk aversion and wealth preservation concerns considering currency depreciation are the primary reasons that drive precious metal demand. However, there is no â€Å"greed trade† or public buying of gold in an expectation of guaranteed profits or return. This was the case with the Nasdaq bubble or the recent real estate bubble that had a huge impact on western countries. Retail demand as a result of hype is negligible; however, it is increasing. Moreover, increasing demand on the global level is dealt with by very small supplies as supply is slightly l ower than in 2001 (Durden). Furthermore, historical context provides ample evidence that gold’ resurgence has a long way to go.     

Gross Domestic Product Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gross Domestic Product - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that a comparison of $40,000 earned in 1980 and 2010 can be made by first finding the number of times the consumer price index has decreased or increased from 1980 to 2010. In 1980 and 2010 the consumer price indexes were 82.4 and 236.74 respectively. The percent increase in the inflation rate from 1980 to 2010 was 187%. The average consumer price index went up 1.87 times between 1980 and 2010. The increases in CPIs show that the available products in 2010 were more expensive that they were in 1980. Concerning quality, some of the products have increased quality from 1980 to 2010 because of technological advancement. Good examples are electronics and cars that were more energy efficient in 2010 than they were in 1980.  As the study highlights  a person would be wealthier if he/she earned $ 40,000 in 1980 than making the same amount in 2010. The purchasing power in 1980 was greater than purchasing power in 2010. So, the person would buy more products or assets in 1980 than in 2010. One would choose to live 1980 because prices of products were less expensive than in 2010. If an individual were to determine which year he would have liked to live, the most appropriate and practical answer would be 1980. A person earning $40,000 in 1980 would live more comfortably that another individual who is receiving the same amount in 2010 because products were cheaper in 1980 than in 2010.

The decisive moment

The decisive moment Page | 1 This essay will look at the foundation, importance, and relevance of the decisive moment. It will evaluate how this notion is perceived in today’s society and evaluate how technology has affected it throughout the years and if it became less recognisable and less consciously considered. The idea of the decisive moment was established by Henri Cartier-Bresson (August 22, 1908– August 3, 2004) and quickly became the leading theory; soon basis of photography for centuries. In order to fully understand the decisive moment, it is highly important to recognise its origin and certain ideologies behind it. The idea was officially introduced and named by Cartier-Bresson in his book under the same title in 1952; the decisive moment was and still is considered to appear when both artistic and the meaningful aspects of life come together for a split second and can be then captured and documented through in this case the lens of the camera. The decisive moment photograph never exists as a singular image. Such image can only emerge as a part of an entire photo shoot. Not even the greatest photographers are capable of capturing a remarkable image with just a single frame. Cartier-Bresson’s theory, the decisive moment soon became known, much respected and used by all professional photographers; not much later being considered as a beginning of street and photojournalism style of photography. In his book Cartier-Bresson talks about his idea of the decisive moment- what later became known as photojournalism; he states ‘I wanted to capture the quintessence of the phenomenon in a single image†¦ in order to give meaning to the world, one has to feel oneself involved in what one frames in the viewfinder†¦ its putting one’s head, one’s eye, one’s heart on the same axis†¦ it is a way of life’. The above quote proves that the decisive moment itself was more than just an idea. It was a way of thinking, living and a style of work, obeyed not just by lifelong commitment of Henri Cartier-Bresson himself but many if not all professional photographers to follow. He believed in the unique purpose of photography in comparison to other visual arts such as painting. This therefore that photography has a unique capability to capture momentary and constant flow of life e.g. vide diversions within different cultures (he created series of photog raphs in countries such as India, France and Russia), political and economic changes. For example he was drawn to India by the significant political events – which then lead to major economic and cultural changes such as the Partition and assassination of Ghandi. Both of these events had a vast impact on the culture of India, the Partition for example lead to high independence of culture within the countries created. It also however raised the amount of violence which resulted in high expanse in deaths within the civilians and war between the countries. Cartier-Bresson believed that his photographs were a method of assessing the present against the past, that they allowed him to compare the country with what it once was, helped him and the viewer to realise and appreciate all of the things that remained the same and continued throughout the years as much as convey all that has changed through time. It is important to note that Cartier-Bresson’s ideologies therefore his art work, have a clear link to his education and reveal a strong philosophical knowledge. This is visibly observable when being aware of his early life and edification through school. As a young artist he attended the Lhote Academy in Paris in which painter and sculptor Andre Lhote, took on the method to teach his students to integrate the cubist’s approach to reality (depiction of space, mass, time and volume as well as the use of multiple perspective) with classical artistic forms such as beautiful, almost perfect sceneries and people, along with the most truthful representation of reality, scale and perspective. Cubism was a first abstract art movement, which abandoned the tradition of perspective, displaying many views at the same time while preserving the expressiveness of subjects granted with philosophical connotations. The art work of this movement displayed a very geometrical presence and s ubjects of the painting were often tough to spot with just a brief first glance. The paintings were often chaotic in a sense of composition yet were exceptionally intriguing and very easy to look at for a substantial period of time. They required the viewer to see it with an open mind, ready to interpret and thoughtfully consider the subject while classical art only just offered something pretty to look at. While at the Lhote Academy, Cartier-Bresson developed an interest into human psychology and studied all leading philosophers such as Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, Arthur Schopenhauer and Karl Heinrich Marx. The theory of the decisive moment itself reveals a very high understanding and influence of such philosophical knowledge, and it is enough to look at the very basic yet complex principles of an effective the decisive moment to see a clear link. Further studies of Cartier-Bresson’s theory reveal that a successful the decisive moment in photography is not by any means accidental but it is a careful combination ‘of a unique set of technical, cognitive, and emotional skills’. All of these can only be achieved by far reaching training therefore a vast amount of experience, and psychological knowledge of people. Both the emotional and the so clear psychological significance of this theory are based on the ‘dynamic interaction of the experiences of subject and photographer†¦ which provides the springboard for effective insight’. All of these factors play an essential role in the composition of the decisive moment. A well composed photograph within this theory creates a feeling of understanding, balance, harmony, interest, unity and closure. Although, however considerate and successful the decisive moment theory is, it only applies to street and photojournalism photography. So as important and influential as it is, it did not help to form or develop other styles of photography. The geometrical and beautiful aspects of art, combined with psychological knowledge are represented in almost all of Cartier-Bresson’s photographs; such as the photograph of two women taken in 1953 (figure 1) and the image of a mother holding her baby taken in 1950 in India (figure 2). The first image uses repeated vertical lines to emphasise the subjects within the frame which s this case are the two women. In the second image there is a clockwise design of thin lines which immediately move the viewer’s eye around the frame. Both of these images show a clear and careful consideration of geometry and designed viewer’s response by the photographer. In an article on photographic psychology; John Suler PhD professor of Rider University described the decisive moment as a ‘highly debated concept’. Throughout the years, Cartier-Bresson’s theory has been discussed from various angles and perspectives. Many of the arguments are objectively recent and mainly refer to the growing technological advance. Now that the decisive moment is fully understood in all its aspects, both the supportive arguments as well as those against the theory will be considered and analysed. Some could argue that although Cartier-Bresson was the first one to name the decisive moment, he has basically described a way photographers worked from a very beginning. The term photography is derived from the Greek phos graphe which means drawing with light. Photography was and still is considered to be both the art and science. It is a way of creating resilient images, which has been present for almost two centuries. Recently however the scientific aspect of it seems to have disappeared giving way to more of an artistic approach. Todays ‘photographers have all become artists’and have disregarded the theoretical approach to photography. However in the early 1900’s, while photography was still developing, photographers remained scientists capturing and observing various aspects of life. The first camera was more about capability to capture anything permanently form a different angle (through the lens for example), and the general achievement of a photograph itse lf. Looking at some of the early photographs now, it is clear that somewhat unconsciously the photographer picked the moment or the final chosen frame for a reason. Like the train track photograph, the photographer picked a certain weather and time of the day because it meant something to him. Find the image The opposite side of this argument could be the early equipment. Images created back in the 1800’s or even during the 1900’s required extremely long exposures. What could now be classed as the decisive moment in these images could have happened by pure chance and luck; for example in the first ever photograph taken of a person (figure 4). The only reason for why this was able to happen is that the person so far away on the street, remained motionless enough for the camera to record it. This was not the moment consciously considered and chosen by the photographer, it was just a frame chosen out the whole photo shoot. Now this is when this side of the argument becomes inconsistent, as the image was still chosen due to its certain properties and content. The same properties later listed and described by Cartier-Bresson as the decisive moment. In his article John Suler, mentions the fact that some modern photographers rejecting the decisive moment as an ‘outdated idea’. This conveys the most discussed contemporary aspect of Cartier-Bresson’s idea the technology. Photographers in today’s society do not think about the decisive moment anymore, they simply do not have to. New equipment such as cameras are easily capable of capturing enormous amounts of images in incredibly short periods of time. Without the concern, neither the cost nor the necessity to change, acquire new film roll or even then the requirement to develop the shots. Photographers either professional or amateur are able to pick the decisive moment afterwards rather then consider it just before the shot or while taking the photo. In the book on Conceptual Limitations of Our Reflection on Photography, Jan Baetens argues that there is a fundamental disjunction between the practical knowledge of the non-academics and contemporary (artis tic) photographic theory. Photography in today’s society became greatly more accessible on considerably bigger scale and now it’s not just professional photographers capturing the flow of life but everyone is capable of doing so. In another article on the decisive moment, John Roberts vey accordingly states that ‘there has been an intellectual regression within photography†¦ the social implications and possibilities of new imaging techniques in various sciences rarely move from the realm of specialist technical discourse into the broader field of critical theories of photography’. In today’s society photography is easier to use, mainly due to the technology and requires much less training and general knowledge of the equipment, techniques and composition therefore smaller amount of people taking photos are truly aware of the decisive moment and theoretical approach to photography. Although the technology now rejects the idea and recognition of the decisive moment, mainly due to high growing technological improvement, some could argue that it was Bresson’s idea which pushed the development of photographical technology so fast forward. His idea of perfection within the frame and the â€Å"perfect† image actually has in some respect motored the society and technology to advance. (One more sentence needed but don’t know what!!) Many contemporary arguments disprove and dismiss the theory of the decisive moment. There is however a clear link between the theory and human psychology, which highly supports Cartier-Bresson’s idea and vice versa. Suler’s article speaks very little on the actual theory itself, as its main focus remains on the use of photography in psychoanalytic therapy. The concept of Cartier-Bresson’s theory plotted into authentic psychiatry is very intriguing as it now links back with its original establishment. An idea based on basic human psychology is now being used to analyse one’s mind. Although psychoanalysis in this case is not much of an arguable point, it does shine a new light on the original idea and displays it in a slightly different perspective. In 1956 E. Kris introduced the idea of the â€Å"Good Hour. To understand the relation this has towards Cartier-Bresson’s idea it is important to understand the term and its importance towards creative arts. Kris describes the Good Hour as a process an individual goes through while undertaking one’s goal. The good hour begins with a negative implication; a feeling of frustration and disappointment. Next step within this process is that all the negative feelings are then neutralised and converted into dynamic energy which impulses the individual’s mind towards personally meaningful perceptions. The Good Hour, in which the individual is powerful and independent in the pursuit for meaning, varies from the â€Å"Pseudo Good Hour† during which an individual is driven by an aim to please someone or gain approval. This idea of the Good Hour resonates the one of Cartier-Bresson’s decisive moment and both photographic and psychological elements emerging as one. He moreover compared photography to the psychoanalytic basis; while Kris trusted the psychological progression throughout the Good Hour bring to mind those during artistic accomplishments. Both the factual events being photographed and the personal interpretation of ‘the decisive moment shot are the therapeutic â€Å"Aha!† moment’, a moment of recognising oneself within the human existence. Both the Good Hour and the decisive moment are not about achieving the goal (the decisive moment shot) to please someone but about oneself in the world of human experiences and subconsciously designed awareness lying in awaiting the opportunity to express oneself through in this case photography. As much as the idea worked in practise with Cartier-Bresson, which in a lot of respect is due to his extraordinary and exceptional knowledge and understanding of human psychology, it doesn’t necessary mean it has to work for someone who’s knowledge only consist of basic photographic skills, someone who was never absorbed by anything else but photography itself. How would one know what is the right decisive moment? All of our interpretations of imagery and stories are strongly based on our cultural capital. Cartier-Bresson’s theory comes into doubt when tested by the mass and today’s fast spread of media such as photography. The decisive moment (as mentioned before) consists of a collapse of both what is beautiful and what is significant to the individual capturing the image. However, human understanding and interpretation of both them factors, commences and cultivates based on one’s personal experiences, culture and society one was raised within and various values one was taught throughout life. In the theoretical approach toward the cultural capital, Pierre Bourdieu states that ‘individualscan be restricted by their habitus’. This statement is highly relevant within this argument as it supports the idea of that what is considered as the decisive moment by the photographer may be perceived as the most far away point from it by the viewer. It is evident that Cartier-Bresson was fully aware of the effects his work had on people, he says ‘It is by means of form, by careful plastic organization, that our thoughts and emotion become communicable’ His photographs are so well composed they instantly become highly artistic, yet at the same time, they are such strong journalistic medium with even more powerful message behind it. Cartier-Bresson’s work created art which became an expression of common humanity, it became an expression of ordinary, day to day people; revealing their tragic stories. All of this became possible due to careful consideration of both beauty and meaning thereof the decisive moment. Although such complex idea may be challenging to understand in today’s society, inflexible and overwhelmed by the technology, it has undoubtedly marked its importance in history of photography. As much as it may not be consciously considered when taking the photograph, our â€Å"perfect† ima ge is still chosen according to the same principles. Consciously or not, the theory of the decisive moment is still used in practice by both the professionals and the general public. If it was not for this theory the field of photography and its equipment would not be as far developed as it currently is. Jan Baetens argues (‘Conceptual Limitations of Our Reflection on Photography: The Question of Interdisciplinarity’, pp. 53–73.), there is a fundamental disjunction between the ‘practical knowledge of theà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ °nonacademics’ (p. 61) and contemporary (artistic) photographic theory. Appendix Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 CLM 2045M, Sara Zimna, 12299092